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Dynamic mechanical response and functional mechanisms in rabbit pulmonary tissue

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Abstract

Lung tissue plays a crucial role in biological functions and exhibits significant sensitivity to mechanical loading. Its mechanical properties have garnered increased attention for their potential to guide human protection strategies against collisions and explosions. However, the behavior and underlying mechanisms remain largely undefined, particularly under dynamic loading conditions. In the present study, rabbit lung tissues were subjected to directional compression loadings, both parallel and perpendicular to the trachea. For accurate dynamic measurements, a modified Hopkinson pressure bar was employed. To minimize spike-like stress characteristics, annular specimens were utilized, and a polymethyl methacrylate bar served as the transmission tube, in conjunction with semiconductor strain gauges, to enhance the amplification of transmission signals. Experiments were meticulously conducted using the modified split Hopkinson pressure bar and an Instron machine, covering a strain rate range of 0.0005–3000 s−1. The results revealed a pronounced rate-dependence in the stress–strain curves of lung tissue, characterized by an initial linear elastic regime, a deformation plateau, and ultimate densification. A significant dependency on strain rate was observed, with the strength of tissue increasing a thousandfold from quasi-static to dynamic loading. Anisotropic behavior was evident under both loading directions. Furthermore, both strain rate dependency and anisotropic behavior became more pronounced beyond 0.3 strain under dynamic loading and 0.45 under quasi-static loading. Finally, potential mechanisms involving tissue fluid discharge and the mechanical characteristics of orientated collagen were proposed. These mechanisms were corroborated by staining techniques that demonstrated the predominant orientation of collagen in a specific direction within rabbit lung tissue.

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Acknowledgements

We would like to thank the Key Research and Development Plan of Shaanxi Province (2023-GHZD-12), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.12072286 and 12172278), the Chinese Aeronautical Establishment Aeronautical Science Foundation (No. 20230041053006), Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province (No.2020JM-095), and 111 Project (BP0719007).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Impact Dynamics and its Engineering Application, School of Aeronautics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, 710072, China

    Yue Liu, Qiong Deng, Yongshuai Wang, Chenxu Zhang & Yinggang Miao

  2. Joint International Research Laboratory of Impact Dynamics and its Engineering Applications, School of Aeronautics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, 710072, China

    Yue Liu, Qiong Deng, Yongshuai Wang, Chenxu Zhang & Yinggang Miao

  3. The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, 710061, China

    Mingwei Chen & Zhi Hu

Authors
  1. Yue Liu
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Contributions

Conceptualization: Qiong Deng, Mingwei Chen, Zhi Hu, Yinggang Miao; Methodology: Yue Liu, Yinggang Miao; Formal analysis and investigation: Yue Liu, Yongshuai Wang; Writing - original draft preparation: Yue Liu; Writing - review and editing: Yinggang Miao, Chenxu Zhang; Funding acquisition: Qiong Deng, Mingwei Chen, Yinggang Miao; Resources: Qiong Deng, Mingwei Chen, Zhi Hu, Yinggang Miao; Supervision: Qiong Deng, Yinggang Miao.

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Correspondence to Yinggang Miao.

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Liu, Y., Deng, Q., Wang, Y. et al. Dynamic mechanical response and functional mechanisms in rabbit pulmonary tissue. Mech Time-Depend Mater (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11043-024-09697-1

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