Abstract
We investigate the plastic flow stress characteristics for 2A12 aluminum alloy at different strain rates and temperatures through both experiments and constitutive modeling at different strain rates (\(10^{-4}\)–\(10^{-1}\text{ s}^{-1}\)) and temperatures (300—450 K). The experimental results showed that the yield strength and tensile strength of 2A12 aluminum alloy gradually decrease as the strain rate increases at 300 K and a V-shaped strain rate effect at 350–450 K. The quasi-static yield strength decreases significantly with increasing temperature, reaching 250 MPa at 300 K and 207 MPa at 450 K. The Johnson–Cook (J-C) model was found to be insufficient to describe the experimental observations. Consequently, a modified J-C model was developed, validated, and implemented in finite element simulations. The modified model well agrees with the experimental data, indicating that the modified J-C model developed herein can describe the plastic flow stress characteristics of 2A12 aluminum alloy at different strain rates and different temperatures.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Chen, X., Liao, Q., Niu, Y., et al.: A constitutive relation of AZ80 magnesium alloy during hot deformation based on Arrhenius and Johnson–Cook model. J. Mater. Res. Technol. 8(2), 1859–1869 (2019)
Feng, Z., Zheng, L., Yue, W., et al.: The modified temperature term on Johnson–Cook constitutive model of AZ31 magnesium alloy with {0002} texture. J. Magnesium Alloys 8, 172–183 (2020)
Gu-xin, Z., Yu-jing, L., Xiu-zheng, D., et al.: Dynamic mechanical response and J-C constitutive equation of high strength 7A62 aluminum alloy. Chin. J. Nonferr. Met. 31(1), 21–29 (2021)
Jia-li, Z., Kun-peng, S., Pan-pan, Z., et al.: Study on high-speed milling characteristics of 2A12 aluminum alloy based on JC constitutive model. J. Lanzhou Univ. Technol. 47(6), 45 (2021)
Johnson, G.R., Cook, W.H.: Fracture characteristics of three metals subjected to various strains, strain rates, temperatures and pressures. Eng. Fract. Mech. 21(1), 31–48 (1985)
Kim, M.J., Jeong, H.J., Park, J.W., et al.: Modified Johnson–Cook model incorporated with electroplasticity for uniaxial tension under a pulsed electric current. Met. Mater. Int. 24(1), 42–50 (2018)
Li-qun, N., Miao, C., Zheng-long, L., et al.: A modified Johnson–Cook model considering strain softening of A356 alloy. Mater. Sci. Eng. 789, 139612 (2020)
Murugesan, M., Johnson, J.D.W.: Cook material and failure model parameters estimation of AISI-1045 medium carbon steel for metal forming applications. Materials 12(4), 609 (2019)
Olasumboye, A., Owolabi, G., Odeshi, A., et al.: Dynamic response and microstructure evolution of AA2219-T4 and AA2219-T6 aluminum alloys. J. Dyn. Behav. Mater. 4(2), 162–178 (2018)
Perez-Bergquist, S.J., Gray III, G.T.R., Cerreta, E.K., et al.: The dynamic and quasi-static mechanical response of three aluminum armor alloys: 5059, 5083 and 7039. Mater. Sci. Eng. A 528(29–30), 8733–8741 (2011)
Qian, X., Peng, X., Song, Y., et al.: Dynamic constitutive relationship of CuCrZr alloy based on Johnson–Cook model. Nucl. Mater. Energy 24, 100768 (2020)
Wu, D., Song, H., Gao, Z., et al.: Mechanical properties of 2A12 Al alloy at transient heating. J. Beijing Univ. Aeronaut. Astronaut. 33(5), 531 (2007)
Xiao, Y., Hu, Y.: Numerical and experimental fracture study for 7003 aluminum alloy at different triaxialities. Met. Mater. Int. 27(8), 2499–2511 (2021)
Xiao-min, C., Hong-wei, H., Shun-cun, L., et al.: An enhanced Johnson–Cook model for hot compressed A356 aluminum alloy. Adv. Eng. Mater. 23, 2000704 (2021)
Xiao-xiao, Z., Zhi-gang, Y., Yao, Z., et al.: Microstructure and mechanical property evolution and fracture behavior of 2A12 aluminum alloy subjected to high pressure torsion. Chin. J. Nonferr. Met. 1–18. [2022-02-21]. http://kns.cnki.net/kcms/detail/43.1238.TG.20211110.1405.003.html
Xie, R., Zhang, F., Deng, Z., et al.: Experimental investigation into dynamic compressive mechanical properties of LY12 at high strain rates and high temperatures. J. Aerosp. Power 24(4), 799–803 (2009)
Xu, Y., Wang, Z., Zeng, Y., et al.: Establishment and verification of constitutive model of LY12 aluminum alloy sheet. J. Plast. Eng. 27(1), 138–145 (2020)
Yan, N.: Dynamic tensile and compressive properties and description of constitutive model of aluminum alloy material. Southwest Jiaotong University: 19-27 (2014)
Yang, X., Li, W., Fu, Y., et al.: Finite element modelling for temperature, stresses and strains calculation in linear friction welding of TB9 titanium alloy. J. Mater. Res. Technol. 8(5), 4797–4818 (2019)
Zhang, W., Wei, G., Xiao, X.: Constitutive relation and fracture criterion of 2A12 aluminum alloy. Acta Armament. 34(3), 276 (2013)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Contributions
Author 1 (First Author):Conceptualization, Methodology, Software, Investigation, Formal Analysis, Writing - Original Draft; Author 2: Data Curation, Writing - Original Draft; Author 3: Visualization, Investigation; Author 4: Resources, Supervision; Author 5: Software, Validation; Author 6: Visualization, Writing - Review & Editing.
Ethics declarations
Competing interests
The authors declare no competing interests.
Additional information
Publisher’s Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.
About this article
Cite this article
Wang, C., Xu, J., Chen, X. et al. A modified Johnson–Cook model for 2A12 aluminum alloys. Mech Time-Depend Mater (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11043-023-09611-1
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11043-023-09611-1