Abstract
Image encryption is an important multimedia security technology to protect the image content during network transmission. Chaotic systems are widely used in the field of image encryption due to their pseudo-randomness. To solve the problem of poor chaotic effect of traditional chaotic systems, this paper proposes a novel Fibonacci combined Cubic-Sine Map (FCSM) with large key space and chaotic characteristics, which passes each of NIST SP 800-22 tests. Besides, a fast color image encryption algorithm is designed using FCSM and pre-storage Arnold transform. Firstly, the SHA-256 is used to generate initial values; secondly, pseudo-random sequences are generated using FCSM, which scramble the image in combination with the row & column shift and circular rotation; finally, the pre-storage Arnold transform is designed to diffuse the pixel values. The experimental results and security analyses show that the proposed algorithm has ideal encryption effect with NPCR and UACI reaching to 99.6096% and 33.4657%, which are very close to the ideal values. The proposed algorithm is very efficient, which takes only about 0.6 second to encrypt a color image with the size of 512 × 512. Therefore, the proposed algorithm is secure and efficient, which can be a candidate for the real-time encryption system.
Similar content being viewed by others
Data availability
Some or all of the data generated or used in this study are available from the corresponding author (Xiaoqiang Zhang, grayqiang@163.com) upon reasonable request.
References
Ali TS, Ali R (2020) A new chaos based color image encryption algorithm using permutation substitution and Boolean operation. Multimed Tools Appl 79:19853–19873
Chen L, Yin H, Yuan L et al (2020) A novel color image encryption algorithm based on a fractional-order discrete chaotic neural network and DNA sequence operations. Front Inf Technol Electron Eng 21:866–879
Chen Y, Xie S, Zhang J (2022) A novel double image encryption algorithm based on coupled chaotic system. Phys Scr 97:65207
Duan C, Zhou J, Gong L et al (2022) New color image encryption scheme based on multi-parameter fractional discrete Tchebyshev moments and nonlinear fractal permutation method. Opt Lasers Eng 150:106881–106894
Fang J, Jiang M, Yin N et al (2022) An image block encryption algorithm based on hyperchaotic system and DNA encoding. Multimed Tools Appl 81:17245–17262
Farah MA, Farah A, Farah T (2020) An image encryption scheme based on a new hybrid chaotic map and optimized substitution box. Nonlinear Dyn 99:3041–3064
Farah MB, Guesmi R, Kachouri A et al (2020) A novel chaos based optical image encryption using fractional Fourier transform and DNA sequence operation. Opt Laser Technol 121:105777–105785
Farwa S, Muhammad N, Shah T et al (2017) A novel image encryption based on algebraic S-box and Arnold transform. 3D Res 8:1-14
Ghazvini M, Mirzadi M, Parvar N (2020) A modified method for image encryption based on chaotic map and genetic algorithm. Multimed Tools Appl 79:26927–26950
Gottwald G A, Melbourne I (2016) The 0-1 test for chaos: A review. Chaos detection and predictability 915:221-247
Guleria V, Mishra DC (2020) A new multi-layer RGB image encryption algorithm based on Diffie-Hellman cryptography associated with FrDCT and arnold transform. Multimed Tools Appl 79:33119–33160
Hosny KM, Kamal ST, Darwish MM (2022) Novel encryption for color images using fractional-order hyperchaotic system. J Ambient Intell Humaniz Comput 13:973–988
Hosny KM, Kamal ST, Darwish MM (2022) A color image encryption technique using block scrambling and chaos. Multimed Tools Appl 81:505–525
Hu C, Xie X, Zhou N (2022) Colour image encryption scheme based on the real-valued discrete Gabor transform. J Mod Opt 69:511–522
Huang Z, Zhou N (2022) Image encryption scheme based on discrete cosine Stockwell transform and DNA-level modulus diffusion. Opt Laser Technol 149:107879
Huang H, He Y, Yang S et al (2020) Chaotic image encryption based on bidimensional empirical mode decomposition and double random phase encoding. Multimed Tools Appl 79:28065–28078
Jain K, Aji A, Krishnan P (2021) Medical image encryption scheme using multiple chaotic maps. Pattern Recogn Lett 152:356–364
Jiang N, Wu W, Wang L (2014) The quantum realization of Arnold and Fibonacci image scrambling. Quant Info Proc 13:1223–1236
Joshi AB, Kumar D, Mishra DC et al (2020) Colour-image encryption based on 2D discrete wavelet transform and 3D logistic chaotic map. J Mod Opt 67:933–949
Kaur M, Kumar V, Li L (2019) Color image encryption approach based on memetic differential evolution. Neural Comput Appl 31:7975–7987
Li H, Deng L, Gu Z (2020) An image encryption scheme based on precision limited chaotic system. Multimed Tools Appl 79:19387–19410
Li S, Zhao L, Yang N (2021) Medical image encryption based on 2D Zigzag confusion and dynamic diffusion. Secur Commun Netw 2021:6624809–6624829
Liu Q, Liu L (2020) Color image encryption algorithm based on DNA coding and double chaos system. IEEE Access 8:83596–83610
Liu Y, Zhang J (2020) A multidimensional chaotic image encryption algorithm based on DNA coding. Multimed Tools Appl 79:21579–21601
Malik DS, Shah T (2020) Color multiple image encryption scheme based on 3D-chaotic maps. Math Comput Simul 178:646–666
Mansouri A, Wang X (2020) A novel one-dimensional sine powered chaotic map and its application in a new image encryption scheme. Inf Sci 520:46–62
Mansouri A, Wang X (2021) Image encryption using shuffled Arnold map and multiple values manipulations. Vis Comput 37:189–200
Mondal B, Mandal T (2020) A secure image encryption scheme based on genetic operations and a new hybrid pseudo random number generator. Multimed Tools Appl 79:17497–17520
Mondal B, Singh JP (2022) A lightweight image encryption scheme based on chaos and diffusion circuit. Multimed Tools Appl 81:34547–34571
Niu Y, Zhou Z, Zhang X (2020) An image encryption approach based on chaotic maps and genetic operations. Multimed Tools Appl 79:25613–25633
Patel S, Thanikaiselvan V, Pelusi D et al (2021) Colour image encryption based on customized neural network and DNA encoding. Neural Comput & Applic 33:14533–14550
Pourjabbar Kari A, Habibizad Navin A, Bidgoli AM et al (2021) A novel multi-image cryptosystem based on weighted plain images and using combined chaotic maps. Multimedia Systems 27:907–925
Prasad B (2021) Dual complex Fibonacci p-numbers. Chaos, Solitons Fractals 145:109922
Sheela SJ, Sanjay A, Suresh KV et al (2022) Image encryption based on 5D hyperchaotic system using hybrid random matrix transform. Multidim Syst Sign Process 33:579–595
Singh P, Yadav AK, Singh K (2017) Phase image encryption in the fractional Hartley domain using Arnold transform and singular value decomposition. Opt Lasers Eng 91:187–195
Talhaoui MZ, Wang X (2021) A new fractional one dimensional chaotic map and its application in high-speed image encryption. Inf Sci 550:13–26
Talhaoui MZ, Wang X, Midoun MA (2021) Fast image encryption algorithm with high security level using the Bülban chaotic map. J Real-Time Image Proc 18:85–98
Tora H, Gokcay E, Turan M et al (2022) A generalized Arnold’s Cat Map transformation for image scrambling. Multimed Tools Appl 81:31349–31362
Vallabhaneni M, Maddula B, Jayan S et al (2022) Chaotic Hooke-Jeeves Algorithm using Cubic map with MATLAB code. 2020 IEEE international conference for innovation in technology (INOCON), pp 1-4
Vidhya R, Brindha M (2022) A novel approach for chaotic image encryption based on block level permutation and bit-wise substitution. Multimed Tools Appl 81:3735–3772
Wan Y, Wang S, Du B (2022) A bit plane image encryption algorithm based on compound chaos. Multimed Tools Appl 6:1–19
Wang X, Liu P (2021) A new full chaos coupled mapping lattice and its application in privacy image encryption. IEEE Trans Circ Syst I Regul Pap 69:1291–1301
Wang X, Zhang M (2021) An image encryption algorithm based on new chaos and diffusion values of a truth table. Inf Sci 579:128–149
Wang X, Guan N, Yang J (2021) Image encryption algorithm with random scrambling based on one-dimensional logistic self-embedding chaotic map. Chaos, Solitons Fractals 150:111117–111137
Wang X, Liu C, Jiang D (2021) A novel triple-image encryption and hiding algorithm based on chaos, compressive sensing and 3D DCT. Inf Sci 574:505–527
Wang X, Su Y, Liu L et al (2021) Color image encryption algorithm based on Fisher-Yates scrambling and DNA subsequence operation. Vis Comput 10:1–16
Wang X, Su Y, Luo C et al (2022) Color image encryption algorithm based on hyperchaotic system and improved quantum revolving gate. Multimed Tools Appl 81:13845–13865
Wu J, Liu Z, Wang J et al (2021) A compact image encryption system based on Arnold transformation. Multimed Tools Appl 80:2647–2661
Xu C, Sun J, Wang C (2020) A novel image encryption algorithm based on bit-plane matrix rotation and hyper chaotic systems. Multimed Tools Appl 79:5573–5593
Yang F, An X (2022) A new discrete chaotic map application in image encryption algorithm. Phys Scr 97:35202
Yang S, Tong X, Wang Z et al (2022) Efficient color image encryption algorithm based on 2D coupled chaos and multi-objective optimized S-box. Phys Scr 97:45204–45231
Yousif SF, Abboud AJ, Alhumaima RS (2022) A new image encryption based on bit replacing, chaos and DNA coding techniques. Multimed Tools Appl 81:27453–27493
Zefreh EZ (2020) An image encryption scheme based on a hybrid model of DNA computing, chaotic systems and hash functions. Multimed Tools Appl 79:24993–25022
Zhang Y (2020) The fast image encryption algorithm based on lifting scheme and chaos. Inf Sci 520:177–194
Zhang X, Yang X (2022) Color image encryption algorithm based on 3D spiral transform and radial diffusion. Phys Scr 97:95210
Zhou W, Wang X, Wang M et al (2022) A new combination chaotic system and its application in a new Bit-level image encryption scheme. Opt Lasers Eng 149:106782–106797
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Conflicts of Competing interests
The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
Additional information
Publisher’s note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.
About this article
Cite this article
Zhang, X., Liu, Z. Fast color image encryption algorithm based on FCSM and pre-storage Arnold transform. Multimed Tools Appl 83, 3985–4016 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11042-023-15577-6
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11042-023-15577-6