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Identification of gramineous grass seeds using Gabor and locality preserving projections

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Abstract

Forage identification is primarily realized by human experts at a low efficiency, which does not meet the requirements of a digital grassland management. In this study, we propose an automatic identification system for gramineous grass seed, an important category of forage in grassland, based on seed images using Gabor filters and local preserving projections (LPP). The system includes four modules: image acquisition, image preprocessing, feature extraction, and feature matching. Seed images are first captured by a common digital camera, and then preprocessed by a morphological operation to obtain the ROI. In the feature extraction module, the integration of Gabor filters and LPP can provide robust features for varying brightness and image contrast while preserving the manifold structure of the images for efficient dimensionality reduction. The nearest neighbor classifier and linear discriminant analysis (LDA) classifier are used for classification. The novelty of the system lies in two aspects; one is that gramineous grass seeds in the study is automatically identified as valuable resources in grassland, instead of the certain species of weed to be distinguished from crops in the previous weed classification. The other is that Gabor filter and LPP are applied to extract the textural manifold features for the identification of gramineous grass, rather than the geometric features of appearance of gray-scale images, for more robust performance. The experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the seed identification system.

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Acknowledgments

This work is dedicated to Researcher Zhu Xu and Dr. Feng Hao for their great contributions. This work was supported partly by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No.61582067 and No.31302017, the Postdoctoral Science Foundation of China No. 20100480370 and No. 201104179, the National Scientific and Technological Research Project 2013BAK05B01, the Ministry of water Resources Industry Special Project 201201008-022, the Basic Scientific Research Foundation for Central Public Research Institutes No. 1610332015007, and the Foundations of Inner Mongolia Agricultural University NDPYTD 210-9, and BJ09-43.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Computer and Information Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Huhhot, Inner Mongolia, 010018, China

    Xin Pan, Yao Cen, Xiaojing Gao & Xia Liu

  2. Grassland Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Huhhot, Inner Mongolia, 010010, China

    Yubao Ma, Weihong Yan & Guixiang Liu

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  1. Xin Pan
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  2. Yao Cen
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  3. Yubao Ma
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  4. Weihong Yan
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  5. Xiaojing Gao
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  6. Xia Liu
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  7. Guixiang Liu
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Correspondence to Xin Pan or Guixiang Liu.

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Pan, X., Cen, Y., Ma, Y. et al. Identification of gramineous grass seeds using Gabor and locality preserving projections. Multimed Tools Appl 75, 16551–16576 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11042-016-3424-0

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11042-016-3424-0

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