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Screening and validation of salt-stress responsive cg-SSR markers in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) germplasm of Pakistan

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Abstract

Background

Soil salinity has been affecting wheat production worldwide over past few decades. Evaluation of wheat genotypes for salinity tolerance at germination and vegetative growth level is crucial. Marker assisted selection is a technique used extensively for choosing salt-tolerant genotypes from breeding populations to introduce novel genes.

Methods and materials

The current study's main goal was to discover salt-stress resistant genes; genetic divergence and genome-wide connection by using recently designed candidate gene-based simple-sequence-repeat markers (cg-SSRs). The phenotypic connection of morphological features during the germination growth stage i.e., germination period, root length/weight and shoot length/weight, and vegetative growth stages i.e., root length/weight and shoot length/weight were tested in a group of 50 wheat genotypes. Significant difference was observed in germination rate, root length and weight among control and saline treatments.

Conclusion

Total 30 SSR markers were utilized to test salinity resistance genes in wheat genotypes. Three (10%) of which were monomorphic, one (3.34%) showed no result, and the other 26 (86%) were polymorphic. Using 30 polymorphic markers discovered total 37 alleles. The polymorphic information content (PIC), quantifies each SSR locus capacity to discriminate between wheat, varied from 0.00 to 0.38 with an average of 0.19. Association analysis revealed that 26 primers were associated with morphological features, 03 with root length and the remaining 23 with germination. Utilizing morphological data, stress tolerance index (STI) was designed concluding that Auqab-2000, Margala-99 and Ufaq showed better resistance against salinity among other wheat genotypes. Cluster analysis demonstrated that wheat genotypes have vast genetic variability.

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Data availability

The datasets generated during and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

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Funding

The authors declare that no funds, grants, or other support were received during the preparation of this manuscript.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Botany, University of Azad Jammu & Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, 13100, Pakistan

    Mishal Khalid

  2. National Institute for Genomics and Advanced Biotechnology, National Agriculture Research Center, Park Road, Islamabad, 45500, Pakistan

    Rehana Kausar, Armghan Shahzad, Ghulam Muhammad Ali & Sania Begum

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  1. Mishal Khalid
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  2. Rehana Kausar
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  3. Armghan Shahzad
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  4. Ghulam Muhammad Ali
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  5. Sania Begum
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Contributions

All authors contributed to the study conception and design. Supervision, material preparation, data collection and analysis were performed by (RK), (AS), (SB) and (GMA) respectively. The molecular work and first draft of the manuscript was done by (MK) and all authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Rehana Kausar.

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Khalid, M., Kausar, R., Shahzad, A. et al. Screening and validation of salt-stress responsive cg-SSR markers in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) germplasm of Pakistan. Mol Biol Rep 50, 5931–5940 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11033-023-08519-w

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11033-023-08519-w

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