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The role of nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) in anti-aging, longevity, and its potential for treating chronic conditions

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Abstract

Biosynthesis and regulation of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) has recently gained a lot of attention. A systemic decline in NAD+ across many tissues is associated with all the hallmarks of aging. NAD+ can affect a variety of cellular processes, including metabolic pathways, DNA repair, and immune cell activity, both directly and indirectly. These cellular processes play a vital role in maintaining homeostasis, but as people get older, their tissue and cellular NAD+ levels decrease, and this drop in NAD+ levels has been connected to a number of age-related disorders. By restoring NAD+ levels, several of these age-related disorders can be delayed or even reversed. Some of the new studies conducted in mice and humans have targeted the NAD+ metabolism with NAD+ intermediates. Of these, nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) has been shown to offer great therapeutic potential with promising results in age-related chronic conditions such as diabetes, cardiovascular issues, cognitive impairment, and many others. Further, human interventions are required to study the long-term effects of supplementing NMN with varying doses. The paper focuses on reviewing the importance of NAD+ on human aging and survival, biosynthesis of NAD+ from its precursors, key clinical trial findings, and the role of NMN on various health conditions.

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  1. Nebraska Medicine, Omaha, NE, USA

    Mounica Soma

  2. University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA

    Satya Kumar Lalam

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Mounica Soma and Satya Kumar Lalam contributed equally for all sections of the manuscript that includes design, conceptualization, writing, draft preparation, review, and editing. Both authors read and approved the final version of the manuscript.

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Soma, M., Lalam, S.K. The role of nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) in anti-aging, longevity, and its potential for treating chronic conditions. Mol Biol Rep 49, 9737–9748 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11033-022-07459-1

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