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The effects of exercise on kidney injury: the role of SIRT1

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Abstract

In patients with kidney injury, muscle mass and strength decrease with altered muscle protein synthesis and degradation along with complications such as inflammation and low physical activity. A treatment strategy to maintain muscle metabolism in kidney injury is important. One of the proposed strategies in this regard is exercise, which in addition to inducing muscle hypertrophy, reducing plasma creatinine and urea and decreasing the severity of tubal injuries, can boost immune function and has anti-inflammatory effects. One of the molecules that have been considered as a target in the treatment of many diseases is silent information regulator 1 (SIRT1). Exercise increases the expression of SIRT1 and improves its activity. Therefore, studies that examined the effect of exercise on kidney injury considering the role of SIRT1 in this effect were reviewed to determine the direction of kidney injury research in future regarding to its prevalence, especially following diabetes, and lack of definitive treatment. In this review, we found that SIRT1 can be one of renoprotective target pathways of exercise. However, further studies are needed to determine the role of SIRT1 in different kidney injuries following exercise according to the type and severity of exercise, and the type of kidney injury.

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Abbreviations

AKI:

Acute kidney injury

AKT:

Protein kinase B

AMPK:

AMP-activated protein kinase

AQP2:

Aquaporin 2

ATP:

Adenosine triphosphate

AT1R:

Angiotensin II receptor type 1

Bcl-2:

B-cell lymphoma 2

Bax:

Bcl-2-associated X protein

CKD:

Chronic kidney disease

CR:

Calorie restriction

DN:

Diabetic nephropathy

ENaC:

Epithelial sodium channel

ERK1/2:

Extracellular signal-regulated kinases1/2

ESKD:

End-stage kidney disease

Fas:

Apo 1/CD 95/tumor necrosis factor superfamily 6

FoxO1:

Forkhead box protein O1

GFR:

Glomerular filtration rate

GPx:

Glutathione peroxidase

HIF-1α:

Hypoxia-inducible factor 1-α

IL-1:

Interleukin-1

IL-6:

Interleukin-6

IL-10:

Interleukin-10

IL-18:

Interleukin-18

iNos:

Inducible nitric oxide syntheses

JNK:

C-Jun N-terminal kinases

KIM-1:

Kidney injury molecule-1

MAPK:

Mitogen-activated protein kinase

MDA:

Malondialdehyde

MLKL:

Mixed lineage kinase domain-like protein

MMP-14:

Matrix metaloproteinase-14

mTOR:

Mammalian target of rapamycin

NAD + :

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide

NADPH oxidase:

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase

NF-κB:

Nuclear factor κB

P38:

Tumor protein with a molecular weight of 38 kDa

P53:

Tumor protein with a molecular weight of 53 kDa

PGC1α:

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma co-activator 1-α

PI3K:

Phosphoinositide 3-kinases

RIPK:

Receptor-interacting protein kinase

PPAR:

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor

RONS:

Reactive oxygen and nitrogen species

ROS:

Reactive oxygen species

SIRT1:

Silent information regulator1

SOD:

Superoxide dismutase

STAT3:

Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3

TGF-β:

Transforming growth factor- β

TLR:

Toll-like receptor

TNF-α:

Tumor necrosis factor-α

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  1. Research Center of Tropical and Infectious Diseases, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran

    Nazanin Sabet & Zahra Soltani

  2. Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Institute of Basic and Clinical Physiology Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran

    Nazanin Sabet, Zahra Soltani & Mohammad Khaksari

  3. Physiology Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran

    Mohammad Khaksari

  4. Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Afzalipour Faculty of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran

    Nazanin Sabet & Zahra Soltani

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Sabet, N., Soltani, Z. & Khaksari, M. The effects of exercise on kidney injury: the role of SIRT1. Mol Biol Rep 49, 4025–4038 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11033-022-07122-9

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