Abstract
Marine invertebrates are extremely diverse, largely productive, untapped oceanic resources with chemically unique bioactive lead compound contributing a wide range of screening for the discovery of anticancer compounds. The lead compounds have unfurled an extensive array of pharmacological properties owing to the presence of polyphenols, alkaloids, terpenoids and other secondary metabolites. The antioxidant, immunomodulatory and anti-tumor activities exhibited, are possibly regulated by the apoptosis induction, scavenging of ROS and modulation of cellular signaling pathways to defy the cellular deafness during carcinogenesis. Despite the enriched bioactive compounds, the marine invertebrates are largely unexplored as identification, screening, pre-clinical and clinical assessment of lead compounds and their synthetic analogs remain a major task to be solved. In the current review, we focus on the principle strategy and underlying mechanisms deployed by the bioactive anticancer compounds derived from marine invertebrates to combat cancer with special insight into the cell death mechanism.
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Acknowledgements
We convey our thanks to National Institute of Technology, Rourkela.
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SP acknowledge DST-INSPIRE, Award reference number [IF180167], Department of Science and Technology, Government of India for providing fellowship. Research support was partly provided by Council of Scientific & Industrial Research (CSIR) [Grant Number: 37(1715)/18/EMR-II], Government of India.
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SP, PPP, DPP, BP, CSB and KKM have prepared the manuscript and table. SP, DPP, SRM and BPB have contributed towards the preparation of figure. SKB, MJ and SGP have done the proof reading of the manuscript. SKB, SKP and GS have conceptualized the manuscript.
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Supplementary Fig. 1 A and 1 B: Chemical structure of some potent anti-cancer compounds from the phylum Proifera with PubChem CID
:(1) Jaspamide (129,630,607), (2) Theopapuamide B (25,193,942), (3) Arenastatin A (15,221,174), (4) Hemiasterlin A (5,352,091), (5) Ciliatamides D (71,665,545), (6) Polytheonamide A (44,602,391), (7) Psammaplin A (6,400,741), (8) Halichondrin B (54,742,369), 9 A. Azumamide A (16,095,102), 9 B. Azumamide E (16,095,101), 10. Phakellistatin 14 (11,308,763), 11. Discorhabdin A (135,770,385), 12. Discodermolide (643,668), 13. Spongistatin 1 (9,963,674). (TIFF 1029 kb)
Supplementary Fig. 2: Chemical structure of some potent anti-cancer compounds from the phylum Cnidaria with PubChem CID
: 1 A. Klysimplexin B (44,243,824), 1 B. Klysimplexin H (44,243,827), 2. Crassocolide P (46,930,683), 3. Bielschowskysin (11,201,358), 4. Denticulatolide (10,430,489), 5. Cespitularin C (10,017,010), 6. Bromovulone I (5,283,227), 7. Capnell-9(12)-ene-8β,10α-diol (14,060,597), 8. Punaglandin I (5,283,242). (TIFF 781 kb)
Supplementary Fig. 3: Chemical structure of some potent anti-cancer compounds from the phylum Mollusca with PubChem CID
: 1 A. Dolastatin 3 (9,852,693), 1 B. Dolastatin 10 (9,810,929), 1 C. Dolastatin 11 (354,399), 1 D. Dolastatin 16 (177,386), 1 E. Dolastatin D (10,099,606), 2. Kulolide (10,417,850), 3. Aurilide B (11,721,984), 4. Dolabelide C (10,581,167), 5. Kahalalide F (6,436,220), 6. Kabiramide C (5,288,658), 7. Halichondramide (6,443,267), 8. Aplysin (11,066,347), 9. Aplysistatin (100,219), 10. Turbostatin 1 (11,456,614), 11. Spisulosines (9,925,886). (TIFF 618 kb)
Supplementary Fig. 4: Chemical structure of some potent anti-cancer compounds from the phylum Echinodermata with PubChem CID
:1) Stichoposide (119,095), (2) Frondoside A (23,664,994), (3) Cucumarioside A2 (23,665,000), (4) Holothurin A (44,559,168), (5) 12-methyltetradecanoic acid (12-MTA) (21,672), (6) Rhodoptilometrin (625,242). (TIFF 575 kb)
Supplementary Fig. 5: Chemical structure of some potent anti-cancer compounds from the phylum Ascadians and Tunicates with PubChem CID
: (1) Didemnin B (122,651), (2) Patellamide A (157,454), (3) Aplidine (9,812,534), (4) Trunkamide (9,811,230), (5) Ecteinascidin-743 (ET-743) (108,150), (6) Lissoclibadin 2 (11,657,934), (7) Lissoclinotoxin F (10,077,362), (8) Riitterazines (56,928,164), (9) Iejimalides A (5,473,233). (TIFF 787 kb)
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Patra, S., Praharaj, P.P., Panigrahi, D.P. et al. Bioactive compounds from marine invertebrates as potent anticancer drugs: the possible pharmacophores modulating cell death pathways. Mol Biol Rep 47, 7209–7228 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11033-020-05709-8
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11033-020-05709-8