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Modulation of physiological responses with TiO2 nano-particle in Azolla pinnata R.Br. under 2,4-D toxicity

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Abstract

The present work is emphasised with the herbicidal tolerance of Azolla pinnata R.Br. and its modulation with TiO2 nano-particle. Both carbohydrate and nitrogen metabolism were effected with 2,4-D as herbicide and in few cases TiO2-NP had recovered few detrimental effects. From the nutrient status in Azolla it recorded the recovery of nitrogen as well as potassium by TiO2-NP but not in case of phosphorus. However, a conversion of nitrate to ammonium was more induced by TiO2-NP under herbicidal toxicity. Similar results were obtained for inter-conversion of amino acid–nitrate pool, but no changes with glutamine synthase activity with TiO2-NP. Initially, the effects of 2,4-D was monitored with changes of chlorophyll content but had not been recovered with nanoparticle. Photosynthetic reserves expressed as both total and reducing sugar were insensitive to TiO2-NP interference but activity of soluble and wall bound invertase was in reverse trend as compared to control. The 2,4-D mediated changes of redox and its oxidative stress was ameliorated in plants with over expressed ADH activity. As a whole the Azolla bio system with TiO2 supplementation may be useful in sustenance against 2,4-D toxicity through recovery of nitrogen metabolism. Thus, Azolla-TiO2-NP bio system would be realised to monitor the herbicidal toxicity in soil and its possible bioremediation.

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Abbreviations

2,4-D:

2,4-Dichloro-phenoxy acetic acid

TiO2-NP:

Titanium di-oxide nanoparticle

ENP:

Engineered nanoparticle

ROS:

Reactive oxygen species

RH:

Relative humidity

RWC:

Relative water content

NAD(P)H:

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (reduced)

DTT:

Dithiothreitol

BSA:

Bovine serum albumin

EDTA:

Ethylene diamine tetra acetic acid

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Acknowledgements

This work is financially supported by DST-PURSE programme, Department of Science and Technology, Govt. of INDIA, New Delhi, of University of Kalyani. In addition, Personal Research Grant (PRG) of University of Kalyani is also acknowledged.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Plant Physiology and Plant Molecular Biology Research Unit, Department of Botany, University of Kalyani, Nadia, Kalyani, West Bengal, 741235, India

    Arnab Kumar De, Arijit Ghosh, Bipul Sarkar, Indraneel Saha & Malay Kumar Adak

  2. Department of Chemistry, University of Kalyani, Nadia, Kalyani, West Bengal, 741235, India

    Subhas Chandra Debnath

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  1. Arnab Kumar De
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  2. Arijit Ghosh
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Correspondence to Malay Kumar Adak.

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De, A.K., Ghosh, A., Debnath, S.C. et al. Modulation of physiological responses with TiO2 nano-particle in Azolla pinnata R.Br. under 2,4-D toxicity. Mol Biol Rep 45, 663–673 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11033-018-4203-y

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