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How Does the Context of Reception Matter? The Role of Residential Enclaves in Maternal Smoking During Pregnancy Among Mexican-Origin Mothers

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Abstract

This study investigated whether and how different patterns of group exposure within residential contexts (i.e., living in a Mexican immigrant enclave, a Mexican ethnic enclave, a pan-Hispanic enclave, or a non-Hispanic white neighborhood) are associated with smoking during pregnancy among Mexican-origin mothers. Using a hierarchical linear modeling approach, we found that Mexican-origin mothers’ residential contexts are important for understanding their smoking during pregnancy. Residence in an ethnic enclave is associated with decreased odds of smoking during pregnancy, while residence in a non-Hispanic white neighborhood is associated with increased odds of smoking during pregnancy, above and beyond the mothers’ individual characteristics. The magnitude of the associations between residence in an ethnic enclave and smoking during pregnancy is similar across the different types of ethnic enclaves examined. The important roles of inter- and intra-group exposures suggests that in order to help Mexican-origin women, policy makers should more carefully design place-based programs and interventions that target geographic areas and the specific types of residential contexts in which women are at greater risk.

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Notes

  1. Although the Institute of Medicine (IOM) guidelines for weight gain during pregnancy are based on pre-pregnancy Body Mass Index, information on maternal pre-pregnancy weight was not available. Therefore, we were unable to construct a categorical variable in line with the IOM guidelines.

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Acknowledgments

We would like to acknowledge assistance from the Population Research Institute (PRI) at The Pennsylvania State University. PRI receives core support from the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) (R24 HD041025-11). We would also like to acknowledge funding from the NICHD Predoctoral Training Program (T-32HD007514).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Sociology, Pennsylvania State University, 211 Oswald Tower, University Park, PA, USA

    Aggie J. Noah & Nancy S. Landale

  2. Population Research Institute, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA

    Aggie J. Noah & Nancy S. Landale

  3. Department of Demography, University of Texas San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA

    Corey S. Sparks

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  1. Aggie J. Noah
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  2. Nancy S. Landale
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  3. Corey S. Sparks
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Correspondence to Aggie J. Noah.

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Noah, A.J., Landale, N.S. & Sparks, C.S. How Does the Context of Reception Matter? The Role of Residential Enclaves in Maternal Smoking During Pregnancy Among Mexican-Origin Mothers. Matern Child Health J 19, 1825–1833 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10995-015-1696-z

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