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Linking genetic structure, landscape genetics, and species distribution modeling for regional conservation of a threatened freshwater turtle

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Abstract

Context

Regional conservation efforts should incorporate fine scale landscape genetic and habitat suitability data for management decisions. This information permits conservation measures to be tailored to a specific landscape.

Objectives

We investigated the landscape determinants of gene flow and habitat suitability for the state-threatened Blanding’s turtle (Emydoidea blandingii) in northeastern New York (NNY). We applied the results from each to examine their complementary contributions to local connectivity and genetic structuring.

Methods

We conducted population and individual-based genetic analyses with microsatellite data to evaluate genetic structuring and landscape genetics in NNY. We coupled these genetic analyses with species distribution modeling (SDM) to estimate the extent of suitable habitat across this important region for species persistence in the state.

Results

Gene flow was strongly associated with open water and cultivated land, indicating the role open water channels play in connecting neighboring activity centers, and the propensity of females to select cultivated land to nest. Species distribution models based on Landsat-derived vegetation indices and percentage of scrub-shrub wetlands accurately identified Blanding’s turtle habitat. Connectivity estimates from our NNY focal area using landscape genetic and SDM resistance surfaces showed potential movement constraints between the two genetic clusters.

Conclusions

Land cover better explained genetic distance data than geographic distance for Blanding’s turtles in our focal area. Accurate SDMs were developed for our focal area with a small number of occurrences (< 50). Using both gene flow and habitat-informed resistance surfaces revealed localized connectivity constraints associated with each, permitting more comprehensive landscape planning.

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Acknowledgements

We thank T. Crockett and the many field technicians for their contributions to the northeastern New York Blanding’s turtle monitoring project. We also thank Jamie Kass for his helpful suggestions related to the SDM. Support for WEP was provided by the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture, Hatch Project 1020979.

Funding

The authors have not disclosed any funding.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biology, Grand Valley State University, 3300a Kindschi Hall of Science, 1 Campus Drive, Allendale, MI, 49401, USA

    Eric M. McCluskey

  2. E Source, 7839 Eagle Valley Pass, Indianapolis, IN, 46214, USA

    Vijay Lulla

  3. School of Environment and Natural Resources, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA

    William E. Peterman

  4. Department of Biological Sciences, Watershed Studies Institute, Murray State University, Murray, KY, 42071, USA

    Kinga M. Stryszowska-Hill

  5. Department of Biology, Marian University, 3200 Cold Spring Road, Indianapolis, IN, 46222, USA

    Robert D. Denton

  6. Department of Evolution, Ecology, and Organismal Biology, The Ohio State University, 318 West 12th Avenue, Columbus, OH, 43210-1293, USA

    Anthony C. Fries

  7. Department of Biology, Clarkson University, Box 5805, Potsdam, NY, 13699, USA

    Tom A. Langen

  8. Department of Biology, SUNY Potsdam, 44 Pierrepont Ave, Potsdam, NY, 13676, USA

    Glenn Johnson

  9. Biology Department, Acadia University, Wolfville, NS, Canada

    Stephen W. Mockford

  10. Department of Biology, Indiana State University, 600 North Chestnut Street, Terre Haute, IN, 47809, USA

    Rusty A. Gonser

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  1. Eric M. McCluskey
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Correspondence to Eric M. McCluskey.

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McCluskey, E.M., Lulla, V., Peterman, W.E. et al. Linking genetic structure, landscape genetics, and species distribution modeling for regional conservation of a threatened freshwater turtle. Landsc Ecol 37, 1017–1034 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10980-022-01420-0

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