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The impact of a metallic partial-flow particulate filter on diesel engine combustion and emission characteristics using palm oil biodiesel blends

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Abstract

Reducing particulate emissions from diesel engines pose a significant challenge in developing countries due to increasingly stringent regulations for both new and older vehicles. While employing wall-flow filters have proven effective for new vehicles, older vehicles necessitate alternative approaches to particulate filtration without complex modifications. Partial flow filters exhibit advantages in such scenarios, characterized by their lack of external components, simplified design, minimal maintenance demands, and resilience to misfuelling. The present study mainly focuses on the evaluation of a partial flow diesel particulate filter (P-DPF) installed on a diesel direct injection compression ignition engine, operating on commercial biodiesel blends, specifically B10 and B20. According to the combustion analyses, the combustion pressure, temperature, and the heat release rate increased with the kinetic energy inside the residual gas molecules due to installation of the P-DPF system. This also resulted in higher indicated power as well as indicated thermal efficiency. However, brake-specific fuel consumption and brake-specific energy consumption, exhibited only a marginal increase, while brake thermal efficiency experienced a slight decrease of 0.65% in the case of B10 and 0.74% for B20 after the installation of the P-DPF system due to the friction loss by the filter backpressure. Furthermore, an incremental increase in exhaust backpressure was observed, ranging from 0.2 kPa at 1000 rpm and 56 Nm to 2.25 kPa at 2000 rpm and 140 Nm. An analysis of emissions limits showed a notable 65% reduction in soot emissions. Comparative analyses were conducted to assess the impact of P-DPF installation on a diesel engine without any manual changes. Ultimately, the partial flow filter (P-DPF) emerges as an effective initial measure in mitigating particulate matter emissions, particularly when employed in a retrofit exhaust after-treatment system.

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Abbreviations

B10:

90% Vol diesel and 10% vol biodiesel blended fuel

B20:

80% Vol diesel and 20% vol biodiesel blended fuel

BSFC:

Brake-specific fuel consumption

BSEC:

Brake-specific energy consumption

BTE:

Brake thermal efficiency

CA:

Crank angle

cpsi:

Cells per square inch

CO2 :

Carbon dioxide

CO:

Carbon monoxide

DOC:

Diesel oxidation catalyst

DDI:

Diesel direct injection

ECU:

Engine control unit

EGR:

Exhaust gas recirculation

HCs:

Hydrocarbons

NO:

Nitrogen oxide

NO2 :

Nitrogen dioxide

OBD:

On-board diagnostics

O2 :

Oxygen

P-DPF:

Partial flow diesel particulate filter

PM:

Particulate matter

ppm:

Parts per million

SEM:

Scanning electron microscope

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to acknowledge the support from the National Research Council of Thailand “Diesel Engine’s Particulate Matters Reduction using Ethanol-Biodiesel-Diesel Blends with Particulate Filter 398/2563”.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Engineering, King Mongkut’s Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, Bangkok, 10520, Thailand

    MyatHsu Thin, Hai Liu, Poonnut Thaeviriyakul, Phyo Wai, Ban-Seok Oh, Chaiwat Nuthong, Chinda Charoenphonphanich & Preechar Karin

  2. National Energy Technology Center, National Science and Technology Development Agency, Pathum Thani, 12120, Thailand

    Peerawat Saisirirat

  3. National Metal and Materials Technology Center, National Science and Technology Development Agency, Pathum Thani, 12120, Thailand

    Sompong Srimanosaowapak

  4. Faculty of Technical Education, King Mongkut’s University of Technology North Bangkok, Bangkok, 10800, Thailand

    Watcharin Po-ngaen

  5. School of Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, 152-8552, Japan

    Hidenori Kosaka

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  1. MyatHsu Thin
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Correspondence to Preechar Karin.

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Thin, M., Liu, H., Thaeviriyakul, P. et al. The impact of a metallic partial-flow particulate filter on diesel engine combustion and emission characteristics using palm oil biodiesel blends. J Therm Anal Calorim 149, 1089–1108 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-023-12770-5

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