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Effect of nanoparticles on DI-CI engine characteristics fueled with biodiesel–diesel blends—A critical review

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Abstract

In this study, the methods of converting raw non-edible oil into fuel for a diesel engine are discussed. Methods of preparation of nanoparticles like sol–gel, hydrothermal, homogenous addition and sonication methods are reviewed. The effect of nanoparticles doped with biodiesel–diesel blends on engine performance (specific fuel consumption and brake thermal efficiency) and combustion parameters (cylinder peak pressure rise and heat release rate) is presented. Moreover, the emission characteristics (carbon monoxide, unburned hydrocarbon, oxides of nitrogen and smoke emissions) on the use of biodiesel doped with nanoparticles are also discussed. This review indicates that nanoparticles doped with biodiesel diesel blends enhance rapid evaporation, provide better air–fuel interaction and allow more fuel to react with oxygen. As a result, DI-CI engine performance and combustion characteristics are improved and the emission levels are reduced. Therefore, it is one of the eco-friendly fuel technologies for DI-CI engine without any major modifications. Overall, this article would be beneficial for those doing research in the biodiesel manufacturing industries, nanotechnology and pollution control board.

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Abbreviations

ANP:

Alumina nanoparticle

B10AL60:

B10 + 60 ppm Al2O3

B20:

20% Biodiesel + 80% diesel

B5AL90:

B5 + 90 ppm Al2O3

BSFC:

Brake specific fuel consumption

bTDC:

Before top dead center

BTE:

Brake thermal efficiency

CA:

Crank angle

CIME:

Calophyllum inophyllum methyl ester

CIME100:

100% Calophyllum inophyllum methyl ester

CIME ETH500:

Calophyllum inophyllum methyl ester + 500 ppm ethanox

CO:

Carbon monoxide

CO2 :

Carbon dioxide

ENOB:

Emulsion of nerium oleander biofuel

HC:

Hydrocarbon

HRR:

Heat release rate

JME:

Jojoba methyl ester

M:

Mole

MME:

Mahua methyl ester

NBE:

Neem oil methyl ester

NENOB:

-Nanoemulsion of nerium oleander biofuel

NOB:

Nerium oleander biofuel

NOx :

Oxides of nitrogen

ppm:

Parts per million

SFDF:

Standard fuel diesel fuel

SO2 :

Sulfur dioxide

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, K S Rangasamy College of Technology, Tiruchengode, Tamil Nadu, India

    M. Moorthi & A. Murugesan

  2. Department of Mechanical Engineering, GMR Institute of Technology, Rajam, Andhra Pradesh, India

    Avinash Alagumalai

Authors
  1. M. Moorthi
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  2. A. Murugesan
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  3. Avinash Alagumalai
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Moorthi involved in roles/writing—original draft. Murugesan took part in writing—review and editing. Avinash involved in writing—review and editing, resources.

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Correspondence to A. Murugesan or Avinash Alagumalai.

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Moorthi, M., Murugesan, A. & Alagumalai, A. Effect of nanoparticles on DI-CI engine characteristics fueled with biodiesel–diesel blends—A critical review. J Therm Anal Calorim 147, 9163–9179 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-022-11234-6

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