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Performance–exhaust emission optimization of compression ignition engine under E-Dime strategies

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Abstract

The present study highlights the inherent capabilities of ethanol-derris indica methyl ester (E-Dime) blends on performance and exhaust emission profiles of an existing compression ignition (CI) engine. Ethanol incorporation to Dime significantly reduces cumulated oxides of nitrogen and unburned hydrocarbon (NOHC) and particulate matter (PM) emissions of the CI engine along with improvement in brake thermal efficiency (Bth) and brake specific energy consumption. To this end, a multi-objective genetic algorithm (MOGA)-II is introduced to reveal Pareto solutions of the CI engine under the forthcoming Environmental Protection Agency Tier 4 exhaust emission mandates. Moreover, a multi-attribute decision-making-based technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS) is also introduced to pick out the optimal operating conditions of E-Dime blends. The MOGA-II-assisted TOPSIS-based trade-off investigation uncovers the optimal decision variables of 4.2 bar BMEP, 79.82% (by volume) biodiesel share and 20.18% (by volume) ethanol share with corresponding objective variables of 29.85% Bth, 0.645 g kW−1 h−1 NOHC, 0.523 g kW−1 h−1 carbon monoxide (CO) and 0.254 g kW−1 h−1 PM. The validation of the optimized results against the experimental one indicates a very lower deviation along with praiseworthy composite desirability of 0.972.

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Abbreviations

BMEP:

Brake mean effective pressure

BSEC:

Brake specific energy consumption

CI:

Compression ignition

CO:

Carbon monoxide

DI:

Direct injection

Dime:

Derris indica methyl ester

DOE:

Design of experiments

EPA:

Environmental Protection Agency

IC:

Internal combustion

MADM:

Multi-attribute decision making

MOEA:

Multi-objective evolutionary algorithm

MOGA:

Multi-objective genetic algorithm

NOHC:

Cumulated oxide of nitrogen and unburned hydrocarbon

PM:

Particulate matter

POS:

Pareto optimal set or Pareto optimal solution

SD:

Standard deviation

TOPSIS:

Technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution

TSU:

Total sampling uncertainty

UBHC:

Unburned hydrocarbon

USP:

Unique selling point

OFAT:

One-factor-at-a-time

g kW− 1 h− 1 :

Gram per kilowatt-hour

rpm:

Revolutions per minute

s:

Second

B th :

Brake thermal efficiency

E-Dime:

Ethanol-Derris indica methyl ester

E-Dime 1:

5% Ethanol + 95% Dime

E-Dime 2:

10% Ethanol + 90% Dime

E-Dime 3:

15% Ethanol + 85% Dime

NOX :

Oxides of nitrogen

E-Dime 4:

20% Ethanol + 80% Dime

E-Dime 5:

25% Ethanol + 75% Dime

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Agartala, India

    Durbadal Debroy & Rajsekhar Panua

  2. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines), Dhanbad, India

    Subrata Bhowmik

  3. Swami Vivekananda Institute of Science and Technology, Kolkata, India

    Probir Kumar Bose

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  1. Durbadal Debroy
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Debroy, D., Bhowmik, S., Panua, R. et al. Performance–exhaust emission optimization of compression ignition engine under E-Dime strategies. J Therm Anal Calorim 147, 3787–3801 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-021-10742-1

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