Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Efficacy of incorporating PCMs into the commercial wall on the energy-saving annual thermal analysis

  • Published:
Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

In this study, the efficacy of incorporating phase change material (PCM) into the building walls on the annual heat transfer reduction is examined. First, heat transfer from the base wall (without PCM) was numerically calculated monthly throughout the year. Then, PCM was incorporated into the wall and its heat transfer was calculated. It was found that using PCM in all months is beneficial and the maximum heat transfer reduction is 16.7% and occurs in June. Based on the results, the lower the thermal conductivity, the greater the PCM’s ability to reduce heat transfer. Installation of PCMs such as Enerciel 22, C16–C18, Paraffin \(\left( {{\text{C}}_{18} } \right)\) and Capric acid (with thermal conductivity of about 0.15 W m−1 K−1) inside the wall reduces heat transfer between the indoor and outdoor space by up to 15% throughout the year. Incorporating PCM of Enerciel 22 in the warm months of the year (June, July, August and September) reduces heat transfer to the room by 15.36%, while, in the colder months of the year, the heat transfer from the interior is reduced by 14.82%. Finally, throughout the year, the heat transfer between the interior and the outdoor is reduced by 14.87% due to the using PCM of Enerciel 22.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10
Fig. 11

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. da Cunha SRL, de Aguiar JLB. Phase change materials and energy efficiency of buildings: a review of knowledge. J Energy Storage. 2020;27:101083.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Liu T, Tan Z, Xu C, Chen H, Li Z. Study on deep reinforcement learning techniques for building energy consumption forecasting. Energy Build. 2020;208:109675.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Kalbasi R, Shahsavar A, Afrand M. Reducing AHU energy consumption by a new layout of using heat recovery units. J Therm Anal Calorim. 2020;139(4):2811–20.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Troup L, Phillips R, Eckelman MJ, Fannon D. Effect of window-to-wall ratio on measured energy consumption in US office buildings. Energy Build. 2019;203:109434.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Hu J, Yu X. Thermo and light-responsive building envelope: energy analysis under different climate conditions. Sol Energy. 2019;193:866–77.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Liu Y, Yang L, Zheng W, Liu T, Zhang X, Liu J. A novel building energy efficiency evaluation index: establishment of calculation model and application. Energy Convers Manag. 2018;166:522–33.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Hilliaho K, Nordquist B, Wallentèn P, Hamid AA, Lahdensivu J. Energy saving and indoor climate effects of an added glazed facade to a brick wall building: case study. J Build Eng. 2016;7:246–62.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Zhu N, Li S, Hu P, Wei S, Deng R, Lei F. A review on applications of shape-stabilized phase change materials embedded in building enclosure in recent ten years. Sustain Cities Soc. 2018;43:251–64.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Wu S, Yan T, Kuai Z, Pan W. Thermal conductivity enhancement on phase change materials for thermal energy storage: a review. Energy Storage Mater. 2019.

  10. Kasaeian A, Bahrami L, Pourfayaz F, Khodabandeh E, Yan W-M. Experimental studies on the applications of PCMs and nano-PCMs in buildings: a critical review. Energy Build. 2017;154:96–112. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2017.08.037.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Lin Y, Jia Y, Alva G, Fang G. Review on thermal conductivity enhancement, thermal properties and applications of phase change materials in thermal energy storage. Renew Sustain Energy Rev. 2018;82:2730–42.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Saffari M, de Gracia A, Ushak S, Cabeza LF. Passive cooling of buildings with phase change materials using whole-building energy simulation tools: a review. Renew Sustain Energy Rev. 2017;80:1239–55.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Zeinelabdein R, Omer S, Gan G. Critical review of latent heat storage systems for free cooling in buildings. Renew Sustain Energy Rev. 2018;82:2843–68.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Reddy KS, Mudgal V, Mallick TK. Review of latent heat thermal energy storage for improved material stability and effective load management. J Energy Storage. 2018;15:205–27.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Shafigh P, Asadi I, Mahyuddin NB. Concrete as a thermal mass material for building applications: a review. J Build Eng. 2018;19:14–25.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Liu Z, Yu ZJ, Yang T, Qin D, Li S, Zhang G, Haghighat F, Joybari MM. A review on macro-encapsulated phase change material for building envelope applications. Build Environ. 2018;144:281–94.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Desai AN, Gunjal A, Singh VK. Numerical investigations of fin efficacy for phase change material (PCM) based thermal control module. Int J Heat Mass Transf. 2020;147:118855.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Barzin R, Chen JJ, Young BR, Farid MM. Application of PCM energy storage in combination with night ventilation for space cooling. Appl Energy. 2015;158:412–21.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Kusama Y, Ishidoya Y. Thermal effects of a novel phase change material (PCM) plaster under different insulation and heating scenarios. Energy Build. 2017;141:226–37.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Xu T, Chen Q, Zhang Z, Gao X, Huang G. Investigation on the properties of a new type of concrete blocks incorporated with PEG/SiO2 composite phase change material. Build Environ. 2016;104:172–7.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. Jin X, Medina MA, Zhang X. Numerical analysis for the optimal location of a thin PCM layer in frame walls. Appl Therm Eng. 2016;103:1057–63.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. Gounni A, El Alami M. The optimal allocation of the PCM within a composite wall for surface temperature and heat flux reduction: an experimental Approach. Appl Therm Eng. 2017;127:1488–94.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. Lee KO, Medina MA. Using phase change materials for residential air conditioning peak demand reduction and energy conservation in coastal and transitional climates in the State of California. Energy Build. 2016;116:69–77.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. Jin X, Medina MA, Zhang X. On the importance of the location of PCMs in building walls for enhanced thermal performance. Appl Energy. 2013;106:72–8.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. Li ZX, Al-Rashed AA, Rostamzadeh M, Kalbasi R, Shahsavar A, Afrand M. Heat transfer reduction in buildings by embedding phase change material in multi-layer walls: effects of repositioning, thermophysical properties and thickness of PCM. Energy Convers Manag. 2019;195:43–56.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. Khan AA, Naeem S, Ellahi R, Sait SM, Vafai K. Dufour and Soret effects on Darcy–Forchheimer flow of second-grade fluid with the variable magnetic field and thermal conductivity. Int J Numer Methods Heat Fluid Flow 2020. https://doi.org/10.1108/HFF-11-2019-0837.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. Khan LA, Raza M, Mir NA, Ellahi R. Effects of different shapes of nanoparticles on peristaltic flow of MHD nanofluids filled in an asymmetric channel. J Therm Anal Calorim. 2019;2019:1–12.

    Google Scholar 

  28. Muhammad T, Waqas H, Khan SA, Ellahi R, Sait SM. Significance of nonlinear thermal radiation in 3D Eyring–Powell nanofluid flow with Arrhenius activation energy. J Therm Anal Calorim 2020. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-020-09459-4.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  29. Sarafraz MM, Pourmehran O, Yang B, Arjomandi M, Ellahi R. Pool boiling heat transfer characteristics of iron oxide nano-suspension under constant magnetic field. Int J Therm Sci. 2020;147:106131.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. World Weather Records (WWR) database.

  31. Handbook AF. American society of heating, refrigerating and air-conditioning engineers. Inc: Atlanta, GA, USA. 2009.

  32. Pasupathy A, Athanasius L, Velraj R, Seeniraj RV. Experimental investigation and numerical simulation analysis on the thermal performance of a building roof incorporating phase change material (PCM) for thermal management. Appl Therm Eng. 2008;28(5–6):556–65.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  33. Zalba B, Marin JM, Cabeza LF, Mehling H. Free-cooling of buildings with phase change materials. Int J Refrig. 2004;27(8):839–49.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  34. Zaytsev ID, Aseyev GG. Properties of aqueous solutions of electrolytes. Boca Raton: CRC Press; 1992.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

Dr. Iskander Tlili would like to thank Deanship of Scientific Research at Majmaah University for supporting this work under the Project Number No. R-1441-XXX.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Danang 550000, Vietnam

    Quyen Nguyen

  2. Department of Civil Engineering, Najafabad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Najafabad, Iran

    Alireza Naghieh

  3. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Najafabad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Najafabad, Iran

    Rasool Kalbasi & Mohammad Akbari

  4. Sustainable Management of Natural Resources and Environment Research Group, Faculty of Environment and Labour Safety, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam

    Arash Karimipour

  5. Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, College of Engineering, Majmaah University, Al Majma’ah, 11952, Saudi Arabia

    Iskander Tlili

Authors
  1. Quyen Nguyen
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Alireza Naghieh
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Rasool Kalbasi
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Mohammad Akbari
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Arash Karimipour
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Iskander Tlili
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Arash Karimipour.

Additional information

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Nguyen, Q., Naghieh, A., Kalbasi, R. et al. Efficacy of incorporating PCMs into the commercial wall on the energy-saving annual thermal analysis. J Therm Anal Calorim 143, 2179–2187 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-020-09713-9

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-020-09713-9

Keywords

Search

Navigation