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Emission and performance analysis of DI diesel engines fueled by biodiesel blends via CFD simulation of spray combustion and different spray breakup models: a numerical study

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Abstract

In the current study, computational fluid dynamics code was used to perform 3D simulation of mixture formation and combustion of biodiesel fuel spray in a direct injection diesel engine. Thus, the spray atomization and combustion processes were simulated by applying the improved version of KH–RT spray breakup model coupled with advanced ECFM-3Z model for combustion. To this aim, experimental results were used first to validate the calculated values of NOx, soot, heat release rate, and in-cylinder pressure and good agreement was obtained. To develop the engine performance and reduce the emission, various models of spray breakup of biodiesel fuel were simulated, and the optimum spray breakup model was specified. Also, the accuracy of each model was determined in comparison with the experimental results. The results show that the TAB breakup model has not provided acceptable results for spray characteristics compared to the other models. Since the simulation results of in-cylinder pressure and emissions were consistent with the experimental results by the KHRT model, it could be concluded that this model has correctly predicted the size of droplets produced by spray fragmentation and penetration, and it could be used to simulate the atomization of biodiesel fuel spray under different engine conditions by adjusting the model constants.

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Abbreviations

DI:

Direct injection

HD:

Heavy duty

NOx :

Nitrogen oxides

CO:

Carbon monoxide

HC:

Hydrocarbon

BSFC:

Brake-specific fuel consumption

IVC:

Inlet valve closing

IVO:

Inlet valve opening

EVO:

Exhaust valve opening

CA:

Crank angle

TDC:

Top dead center

BDC:

Bottom dead center

aBDC:

After bottom dead center

bBDC:

Before bottom dead center

aTDC:

After top dead center

bTDC:

Before top dead center

CI:

Heat release rate

SI:

Spark ignition

AFR:

Air/fuel ratio

CFD:

Computational fluid dynamics

HRR:

Compression ignition

BTE:

Brake thermal efficiency

RPM:

Revolution per minute

MB:

Methyl butanoate

DDM:

Discrete droplet method

LLNL:

Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory

KHRT:

Kelvin–Helmholtz and Rayleigh–Taylor

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Imam Khomeini Maritime University of Nowshahr, Nowshahr, Iran

    Abbas Zarenezhad Ashkezari, Kambiz Divsalar, Rahim Malmir & Iman Abbaspour

  2. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Babol Noshirvani University of Technology, Babol, Iran

    Kambiz Divsalar

  3. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Islamic Azad University Sari Branch, Sari, Iran

    Iman Abbaspour

Authors
  1. Abbas Zarenezhad Ashkezari
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  2. Kambiz Divsalar
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  3. Rahim Malmir
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  4. Iman Abbaspour
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Correspondence to Abbas Zarenezhad Ashkezari.

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Ashkezari, A.Z., Divsalar, K., Malmir, R. et al. Emission and performance analysis of DI diesel engines fueled by biodiesel blends via CFD simulation of spray combustion and different spray breakup models: a numerical study. J Therm Anal Calorim 139, 2527–2539 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-019-08922-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-019-08922-1

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