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Mixed convection inside lid-driven cavities filled with nanofluids

A comprehensive review

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Abstract

The mixed convection phenomenon inside the enclosures included by moving wall has many applications in industries. This article presents a detailed review on the mixed convection phenomenon in various cavities with different shapes, boundary conditions and mainly nanofluid-filled which have practical applications. The mathematical formulation of the governing equations of mixed convection for fluid media is presented. Different trendy computation methods and related algorithms are obtained. The reported results by the researchers for fluid flow and heat transfer in different geometry configurations such as square, rectangular, triangular and trapezoidal and different governing parameters such as Rayleigh number, Hartmann number, Richardson number and solid volume fraction are presented comprehensively. Also, influences of physical boundary conditions such as moving walls, inclination angles and external magnetic force are discussed. The conventional and modern nanofluids used in mixed convection are introduced briefly. Today and mostly in the future, the importance of energy conversion is increasing due to the need of renewable energy. Due to practical role of mixed convection in different components of energy systems, suitable design of related components is important and may be accessible with having enough knowledge.

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Abbreviations

A :

Amplitude

Ar:

Aspect ratio

B :

Length of the heat source

Be :

Bejan number

D :

Distance between the left wall and center of the heat source

\(d_{\text{P}}\) :

Nanoparticle diameter (nm)

Da :

Darcy number

Gr :

Grashof number

h :

Enclosure height

Ha :

Hartmann number

k :

Thermal conductivity (W/m K)

Le :

Lewis number

MEMS:

Microelectronic mobile systems

n :

Power-law index

Nb:

Brownian motion parameter

Nr:

Buoyancy ratio

Nt:

Thermophoresis number

Nu :

Nusselt number

\(\overline{Nu}\) :

Average Nusselt number

Pr :

Prandtl number

Ra :

Rayleigh number

Ra I :

Internal Rayleigh number

Re :

Reynolds number

Ri :

Richardson number

θ :

Enclosure inclination angle (°)

φ :

Dimensional nanoparticle volumetric fraction

γ :

Magnetic field inclination angle (°)

λ :

Moving parameter

Λ :

Phase angle

Ω :

Non-dimensional rotational velocity of cylinder

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Imam Hossein University, Tehran, Iran

    Mohammad Hemmat Esfe & Emad Hasani Malekshah

  2. Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Semnan University, Semnan, Iran

    Seyfolah Saedodin & Alireza Babaie

  3. School of Engineering, Damghan University, Damghan, Iran

    Hadi Rostamian

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  1. Mohammad Hemmat Esfe
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Hemmat Esfe, M., Saedodin, S., Hasani Malekshah, E. et al. Mixed convection inside lid-driven cavities filled with nanofluids. J Therm Anal Calorim 135, 813–859 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-018-7519-x

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