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Numerical evaluation on thermal–hydraulic characteristics of dilute heat-dissipating nanofluids flow in microchannels

Comparison of different models

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Abstract

The present work deals with numerical investigations on heat transfer characteristics and friction factor of aqueous CuO nanofluids flow in a set of four microchannels connected in parallel under laminar regime. For each single phase, volume of fluid, mixture and Eulerian models, a particular computer code is developed to carefully simulate this problem. The three-dimensional steady-state governing equations are solved through finite volume method. The primary aim of this study is to comparatively distinguish the most appropriate and accurate model for numerical studies of nanofluids in microchannels. The results are compared with one another and the data obtained from an experimental work. Regarding the results, an acceptable consistency is observed for all models with the experimental data. The current study truly demonstrates that applying single-phase model to simulate and evaluate the laminar flow of CuO–water nanofluid inside microchannels with uniform wall temperature is more modest, precise and reliable compared with two-phase models.

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Abbreviations

A :

Heat transfer surface (m2)

a :

Acceleration (m s−2)

h :

Convective heat transfer coefficient (W m−2 K−1)

C d :

Drag coefficient

d p :

Nanoparticle diameter (m)

C p :

Specific heat (J Kg−1 K−1)

k :

Thermal conductivity (W m−1 K−1)

F :

Force (N)

F d :

Drag force (Pa m−1)

F vm :

Virtual mass force (Pa m−1)

f :

Friction factor

f drag :

Drag function

g :

Gravity acceleration (m s−2)

h v :

Volumetric heat transfer coefficient (W m−3 K−1)

D H :

Hydrodynamic diameter (m)

h p :

Liquid-particle heat transfer coefficient (W m−2 K−1)

L :

Channel length (m)

Nu:

Average Nusselt number (hD/k)

P :

Pressure (pa)

Pr:

Prandtl number (Cpμ/k)

Re:

Reynolds number (ρUD/μ)

T :

Temperature (K)

V :

Velocity (m s−1)

Kn :

Knudsen number

\(\mu\) :

Fluid dynamic viscosity (kg m−1 s−1)

\(\rho\) :

Mass density (kg m−3)

\(\varphi\) :

Volume concentration

\(\beta\) :

Friction coefficient (kg m−3 s−1)

α :

Thermal diffusivity (m2 s−1)

η :

Viscosity (Pa s)

b:

Bulk

dr:

Drift

eff:

Effective

h:

Hot

f:

Base fluid

m:

Mixture

f:

Fluid

nf:

Nanofluid

p:

Nanoparticles

w:

Wall

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology (Tehran Polytechnic), Tehran, 15875-4413, Iran

    Mostafa Keshavarz Moraveji

  2. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran

    Ramtin Barzegarian

  3. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Kermanshah University of Technology, Kermanshah, Iran

    Mehdi Bahiraei

  4. Department of Mechanical Engineering, West Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran

    Matin Barzegarian

  5. Department of Mechanical Engineering, South Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran

    Alireza Aloueyan

  6. Fluid Mechanics, Thermal Engineering and Multiphase Flow Research Laboratory (FUTURE), Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, King Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi, Bangmod, Bangkok, 10140, Thailand

    Somchai Wongwises

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  1. Mostafa Keshavarz Moraveji
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  2. Ramtin Barzegarian
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  3. Mehdi Bahiraei
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Correspondence to Mostafa Keshavarz Moraveji.

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Keshavarz Moraveji, M., Barzegarian, R., Bahiraei, M. et al. Numerical evaluation on thermal–hydraulic characteristics of dilute heat-dissipating nanofluids flow in microchannels. J Therm Anal Calorim 135, 671–683 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-018-7181-3

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