Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Effect of welan gum on the hydration and hardening of Portland cement

  • Published:
Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

This paper reports the effects of welan gum on the hydration and hardening behaviors of Portland cement (PC) by using X-ray diffractometry, mercury instruction porosimetry, thermogravimetry, differential scanning calorimetry and scanning electron microscopy. Results show that welan gum has notable influence on the setting time of PC paste and the formation of calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2); welan gum has little impact on the total hydration heat, AFt content and/or the morphologies of hydration products even though it delays the induction period of hydration and the second reaction of the aluminate phase. Welan gum retards the early hydration of C3S and accelerates the early hydration of C4AF. The compressive strength is improved, and pore size of hardened cement paste is reduced with at the studied period when welan gum is no more than 0.05%. In this research, the cement paste with 0.05% welan gum exhibits the highest long-term (90 d) compressive strength and lowest porosity.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10
Fig. 11

Similar content being viewed by others

Notes

  1. Cement nomenclature will be used, i.e., C = CaO, S = SiO2, A = Al2O3, F = Fe2O3, $ = SO3, H = H2O.

References

  1. Khayat KH. Viscosity-enhancing admixtures for cement-based materials—an overview. Cem Concr Compos. 1998;20:171–88.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Plank J. Applications of biopolymers and other biotechnological products in building materials. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 2004;66:1–9.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Kaur V, Bera MB, Panesar PS, Kumar H, Kennedy JF. Welan gum: microbial production, characterization, and applications. Int J Biol Macromol. 2014;65:454–61.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Paniagua-Michel JdJ, Olmos-Soto J, Morales-Guerrero ER. Chapter eleven—algal and microbial exopolysaccharides: new insights as biosurfactants and bioemulsifiers. In: Se-Kwon K, editor. Advances in food and nutrition research. London: Academic Press; 2014. p. 221–57.

    Google Scholar 

  5. Zhu P, Dong S, Li S, Xu X, Xu H. Improvement of welan gum biosynthesis and transcriptional analysis of the genes responding to enhanced oxygen transfer by oxygen vectors in Sphingomonas sp. Biochem Eng J. 2014;90:264–71.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Khayat KH. Frost durability of concrete containing viscosity-modifying admixtures. ACI Mater J. 1995;92:625–33.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Khayat KH. Effects of antiwashout admixtures on properties of hardened concrete. ACI Mater J. 1996;93:134–46.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Lachemi M, Hossain KMA, Lambros V, Nkinamubanzi PC, Bouzoubaâ N. Performance of new viscosity modifying admixtures in enhancing the rheological properties of cement paste. Cem Concr Res. 2004;34:185–93.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Khayat KH, Ballivy G, Gaudreault M. High-performance cement grout for underwater crack injection. Can J Civ Eng. 1997;24:405–18.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Khayat KH, Yahia A. Effect of welan gum high-range water reducer combinations on rheology of cement grout. ACI Mater J. 1997;94:365–72.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Khayat KH, Sonebi M. Effect of mixture composition on washout resistance of highly flowable underwater concrete. ACI Mater J. 2001;98:289–95.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Sonebi M. Rheological properties of grouts with viscosity modifying agents as diutan gum and welan gum incorporating pulverised fly ash. Cem Concr Res. 2006;36:1609–18.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Sonebi M, Khayat KH. Effect of water velocity on performance of underwater self-consolidating concrete. ACI Mater J. 1999;96:519–28.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Isik IE, Ozkul MH. Utilization of polysaccharides as viscosity modifying agent in self-compacting concrete. Constr Build Mater. 2014;72:239–47.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Crescenzi V, Dentini M, Coviello T, Rizzo R. Comparative analysis of the behavior of gellan gum (S-60) and welan gum (S-130) in dilute aqueous solution. Carbohyd Res. 1986;149:425–32.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Lopes L, Milas M, Rinaudo M. Influence of the method of purification on some solution properties of welan gum. Int J Biol Macromol. 1994;16:253–8.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Rols S, Ambroise J, Péra J. Effects of different viscosity agents on the properties of self-leveling concrete. Cem Concr Res. 1999;29:261–6.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Łaźniewska-Piekarczyk B. The type of air-entraining and viscosity modifying admixtures and porosity and frost durability of high performance self-compacting concrete. Constr Build Mater. 2013;40:659–71.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Ma L, Zhao Q, Yao C, Zhou M. Impact of welan gum on tricalcium aluminate–gypsum hydration. Mater Charact. 2012;64:88–95.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Zhang Y, Liu C, Luping Z, Qu C, Zhao Q. The impact of welan gum on C3S hydration system. In: Proceedings of the 15th ICCC, 2; 2015. p. 353.

  21. Atahan HN, Oktar ON, Taşdemir MA. Effects of water–cement ratio and curing time on the critical pore width of hardened cement paste. Constr Build Mater. 2009;23:1196–200.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. Ma B, Ma M, Shen X, Li X, Wu X. Compatibility between a polycarboxylate superplasticizer and the belite-rich sulfoaluminate cement: setting time and the hydration properties. Constr Build Mater. 2014;51:47–54.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. Taylor HFW. Cement chemistry. London: Thomas Telford; 1997.

  24. Lothenbach B, Winnefeld F. Thermodynamic modelling of the hydration of Portland cement. Cem Concr Res. 2006;36:209–26.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. Michel M, Georgin J-F, Ambroise J, Péra J. The influence of gypsum ratio on the mechanical performance of slag cement accelerated by calcium sulfoaluminate cement. Constr Build Mater. 2011;25:1298–304.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. Soin AV, Catalan LJJ, Kinrade SD. A combined QXRD/TG method to quantify the phase composition of hydrated Portland cements. Cem Concr Res. 2013;48:17–24.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. Pane I, Hansen W. Investigation of blended cement hydration by isothermal calorimetry and thermal analysis. Cem Concr Res. 2005;35:1155–64.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. Monteagudo SM, Moragues A, Gálvez JC, Casati MJ, Reyes E. The degree of hydration assessment of blended cement pastes by differential thermal and thermogravimetric analysis. Morphological evolution of the solid phases. Thermochim Acta. 2014;592:37–51.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. Xu Z, Li W, Sun J, Hu Y, Xu K, Ma S, Shen X. Research on cement hydration and hardening with different alkanolamines. Constr Build Mater. 2017;141:296–306.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. Zhang Y, Zhao Q, Liu C, Zhou M. Properties comparison of mortars with welan gum or cellulose ether. Constr Build Mater. 2016;102:648–53.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. Ramezanianpour AM, Hooton RD. A study on hydration, compressive strength, and porosity of Portland-limestone cement mixes containing SCMs. Cem Concr Compos. 2014;51:1–13.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. Queiroz VMS, Fontes SR. Experimental analysis of structural change and rheological behavior of macromolecular solutions with guar and xanthan gums in crossflow microfiltration processing. Food Bioprocess Technol. 2008;1:180–6.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

The financial support of the Project Funded by the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions (PAPD), the National High Technology Research and Development Program (“863” Program) of China (No. 2015AA034701), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM) and the Program for Innovative Research Team in University of Ministry of Education of China (No. IRT_15R35) is acknowledged. The participation of Zuhua Zhang and Hao Wang is partially supported by Australian Research Council discovery project.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, No. 5 Xin Mofan Road, Nanjing, 210009, People’s Republic of China

    Yu Zhang, Weifeng Li & Xiaodong Shen

  2. Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing, 210009, People’s Republic of China

    Yu Zhang & Xiaodong Shen

  3. China-Australia Institute for Advanced Materials and Manufacturing, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, 314001, China

    Zuhua Zhang & Hao Wang

  4. Centre for Future Materials, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, QLD, 4350, Australia

    Zuhua Zhang & Hao Wang

  5. Laboratory of Construction Materials, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland

    Xuerun Li

Authors
  1. Yu Zhang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Zuhua Zhang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Xuerun Li
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Weifeng Li
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Xiaodong Shen
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Hao Wang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Yu Zhang or Xiaodong Shen.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Zhang, Y., Zhang, Z., Li, X. et al. Effect of welan gum on the hydration and hardening of Portland cement. J Therm Anal Calorim 131, 1277–1286 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-017-6589-5

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-017-6589-5

Keywords

Search

Navigation