Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Experimental Determination and Thermodynamic Model of Solid–Liquid Equilibria in the Ternary System (LiCl + SrCl2 + H2O) at 273.15 K and Its Application in Industry

  • Published:
Journal of Solution Chemistry Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Solubilities, densities and refractive indices of the ternary system (LiCl + SrCl2 + H2O) at 273.15 K were determined using the isothermal dissolution equilibrium method. The phase diagram of the system consists of two invariant points, three univariant solubility curves and three crystallization areas corresponding to LiCl·2H2O, SrCl2·2H2O and SrCl2·6H2O. Applying the Pitzer and Harvie–Weare model, the Pitzer mixing parameters and the solubility product constants (Ksp) of solid phases were fitted to the solubility data; then, the solubilities of this ternary system were predicted. A comparison shows that the calculated solubilities agree well with the experimental results. The phase diagram and Pitzer model for the ternary system at 273.15 and 298.15 K were then used to conduct a computer simulation of brine separation. Lithium chloride and strontium chloride salts can be separated completely by six steps in the brine separation process. This result of the simulation of brine separation can be used as a theoretical reference guideline for salt separation and purification of brine systems.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10
Fig. 11
Fig. 12

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Fan, Q.S., Ma, H.Z., Tan, H.B., Li, T.W.: Hydrochemical anomaly and resources evaluation of the oil field brines in the typical area of Western Qaidam Basin. J. Salt Lake Res. 15, 6–12 (2007). (in Chinese)

    Google Scholar 

  2. Blidin Dokl, V.P.: Heterogeneous equilibrium in aqueous ternary systems of lithium chloride and the chlorides of barium, strontium, and calcium. Akad, Nauk SSSR. 84, 947–950 (1952). (in Russian)

    Google Scholar 

  3. Kydynov, M.K., Lomteva, S.A., Druzhinin, I.G.: Solubility of ternary systems of lithium, sodium, and strontium chlorides at 298.15 K. Obl. Khim. Tekhnol. Miner. Solei Okislov, 146–150 (1965). (in Russian)

  4. Guo, L.J., Sun, B., Zeng, D.W., Yao, Y., Han, H.J.: Isopiestic measurement and solubility evaluation of the ternary system (LiCl + SrCl2 + H2O) at 298.15 K. J. Chem. Eng. Data. 57, 817–827 (2012)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Li, D., Meng, L.Z., Deng, T.L., Guo, Y.F., Pan, Y.: Experimental and thermodynamic modeling study of solid–liquid equilibrium in ternary system (NaBr + SrBr2 + H2O) and (KBr + SrBr2 + H2O) at 288.15 K and 0.1 MPa. J. Mol. Liq. 252, 362–367 (2018)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Meng, L.Z., Gruszkiewicz, M.S., Deng, T.L., Guo, Y.F., Li, D.: Isothermal evaporation process simulation using the Pitzer model for the quinary system (LiCl + NaCl + KCl + SrCl2 + H2O) at 298.15 K. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 54, 8311–8318 (2015)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Qinghai Institute of Salt Lakes, Chinese Academy of Science: Analytical Methods of Brines and Salts, 2nd edn. Chinese Science Press, Beijing (1988). (in Chinese)

    Google Scholar 

  8. Meng, L.Z., Deng, T.L., Guo, Y.F., Li, D., Yang, L.: Measurement and thermodynamic model study on solid–liquid equilibria and physicochemical properties of the ternary system (MgBr2 + MgSO4 + H2O) at 323.15 K. Fluid Phase Equilib. 342, 88–94 (2013)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Song, P.S.: The application of wet residue method in the study of water–salt systems. J. Salt Lake Res. 1, 15–23 (1991). (in Chinese)

    Google Scholar 

  10. Ji, X., Han, H.J., Li, D.D., Guo, L.J., Zeng, D.W.: Gravimetric analysis of calcium and strontium in calcium and strontium chloride systems. Metal. Anal. 36, 26–30 (2016)

    Google Scholar 

  11. CRC Press: CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 82nd edn. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL (2001)

    Google Scholar 

  12. Patek, J., Klomfar, J.: Solid–liquid phase equilibrium in the system of LiBr–H2O and LiCl–H2O. Fluid Phase Equilib. 250, 138–149 (2006)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Cohen-Adad, R., Lorimer, J.W.: Alkali Metal and Ammonium Chlorides in Water and Heavy Water (Binary Systems). Solubility Data Series, vol. 47. Pergamon Press, Oxford (1991)

    Google Scholar 

  14. Ming, J.W., Xu, W.F., Zeng, D.W.: Isothermal solubility of the ternary system (LiCl + LiNO3 + H2O) at 273.15 K and 323.15 K. Chin. J. Inorg. Chem. 23, 883–886 (2007)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Ropp, R.C.: Encyclopedia of the Alkaline Earth Compounds. Elsevier, Amsterdam (2013)

    Google Scholar 

  16. Li, D.D., Zeng, D.W., Han, H.J., Guo, L.J., Yin, X., Yao, Y.: Phase diagrams and thermochemical modeling of salt lake brine systems. I. LiCl + H2O system. CALPHAD 51, 1–12 (2015)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Phutela, R.C., Pitzer, K.S.: Thermodynamics of aqueous magnesium chloride, calcium chloride, and strontium chloride at elevated temperatures. J. Chem. Eng. Data 32, 76–80 (1987)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Song, P.S., Du, X.H., Xu, H.C.: The phase equilibrium and properties of the saturated solution in the ternary system (Li2B4O7 + Li2SO4 + H2O) at 298.15 K. Kexue Tongbao 2, 106–110 (1983). (in Chinese)

    Google Scholar 

  19. Pitzer, K.S.: Thermodynamics of electrolytes. I. Theoretical basis and general equations. J. Phys. Chem. 77, 268–277 (1973)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Harvie, C.E., Weare, J.H.: The prediction of mineral solubilities in natural waters: the Na–K–Mg–Ca–Cl–SO4–H2O system from zero to high concentration at 298.15 K. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 44, 981–997 (1980)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Harvie, C.E., Eugster, H.P., Weare, J.H.: Mineral equilibria in the six-component seawater system Na–K–Mg–Ca–SO4–Cl–H2O at 298.15 K. II: Compositions of the saturated solutions. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 46, 1603–1618 (1982)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Spencer, R.J., Moller, N., Weare, J.H.: The prediction of mineral solubilities in natural water: a chemical equilibrium model for the Na–K–Ca–Mg–Cl–SO4–H2O system at temperature below 298.15 K. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 54, 575–590 (1990)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Jr Gibbard, H.F., Scatchard, G.: Liquid–vapor equilibrium of aqueous lithium chloride, from 298.15 to 373.15 K and from 1.0 to 18.5 molal, and related properties. J. Chem. Eng. Data 18, 293–298 (1973)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Patil, K.R., Tripathl, A.D., Pathak, G., Kattl, S.S.: Thermodynamic properties of aqueous electrolyte solutions. 2. Vapor pressure of aqueous solutions of NaBr, NaI, KCl, KBr, KI, RbCl, CsCl, CsBr, CsI, MgCl2, CaCl2, CaBr2, CaI2, SrCl2, SrBr2, SrI2, BaCl2, and BaBr2. J. Chem. Eng. Data 36, 225–230 (1991)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. Holmes, H.F., Mesmer, R.E.: Isopiestic studies of aqueous solutions at elevated temperatures. V. SrCl2 and BaCl2. J. Chem. Thermodyn. 13, 1025–1033 (1981)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. Goldberg, R.N., Nuttall, R.L.: Evaluated activity and osmotic coefficients for aqueous solutions: the alkaline earth metal halides. J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data 7, 263–310 (1978)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

Financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (U1507112, U1607123 and 21773170), and Yangtze Scholars and Innovative Research Team of the Chinese University (IRT_17R81) is acknowledged.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Tianjin Key Laboratory of Marine Resources and Chemistry, College of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China

    Xia Wang, Kaiyu Zhao, Yafei Guo, Lingzong Meng & Tianlong Deng

  2. School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Linyi University, Linyi, 276000, China

    Lingzong Meng & Dan Li

Authors
  1. Xia Wang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Kaiyu Zhao
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Yafei Guo
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Lingzong Meng
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Dan Li
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Tianlong Deng
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Lingzong Meng or Tianlong Deng.

Additional information

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Wang, X., Zhao, K., Guo, Y. et al. Experimental Determination and Thermodynamic Model of Solid–Liquid Equilibria in the Ternary System (LiCl + SrCl2 + H2O) at 273.15 K and Its Application in Industry. J Solution Chem 48, 528–545 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10953-019-00864-4

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10953-019-00864-4

Keywords

Search

Navigation