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A New Composite Based on Gellan Gum/Chitosan and Hydroxyapatite Contains Gallium for Removing the Anionic Dyes Remazol Blue and Remazol Red

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Abstract

The textile industry’s waste is a primary pollutant in aquatic environments. One of the alternatives for pollutant removal is the adsorption process. Among them, polysaccharides have numerous advantages regarding their use: they are non-toxic, abundant in nature, biodegradable, hydrophilic, and have several other properties. The study aimed to investigate new composite materials with morphology based on chitosan and gallium-doped hydroxyapatite (HAp) to remove remazol blue and remazol red dyes in an aqueous solution. In order to have a better understanding of the sorption process, different techniques were used to characterize the composite. Regarding the crystallinity, gallium’s presence did not affect HAp’s crystalline structure. On the other hand, the FT-IR and TG spectra of the composite indicate interactions between the precursor materials in producing the same by shifting the characteristic bands and increasing thermal stability. The morphological analysis by FESEM and Tomography presented essential characteristics for applying the composite in the adsorptive process through the pores formed in the material. Open and interconnected pores were observed with average diameters of 20 μm on the upper and lateral face surface and 95 μm on the inside. A more significant number of pores were observed inside, thus influencing the adsorption. In addition, with the EDS, it was possible to observe the presence of precursor elements for forming the composite. It is concluded that the composite was successful and showed excellent potential for removing Remazol Blue RGB and Remazol Red with adsorption of 341.41 ± 6.82 and 584.89 ± 23.39 mg/g, respectively.

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Acknowledgements

The authors want to thank their institutions, UFPI, UFPB, IFPI Institutes, and X-ray Laboratory of the Centro de Investigación Tecnología e Innovación de la Universidad de Sevilla (CITIUS).

Funding

This research was funded by CAPES, CNPq, and FAPEPI for all financial support. Also the University of Seville through the VII Plan Propio de Investigación.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Interdisciplinary Laboratory for Advanced Materials (LIMAV), UFPI, Teresina, PI, 64049-550, Brazil

    Fabrícia Fândessan Costa Alves, Alan Ícaro Sousa Morais, Luciano Clécio Brandão Lima, Ariane M. S. Santos, Idglan Sa Lima, Albert S. Silva, Ramón R. P. Garcia, Aluska N. S. Braga, Josy A. Osajima & Edson C. Silva-Filho

  2. Departamento de Química Analítica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Sevilla, C/ Profesor García, González 2, 41012, Sevilla, Spain

    Maria Del Mar Orta Cuevas

  3. Laboratorio de Rayos-X (CITIUS), Universidad de Sevilla, Avenida Reina Mercedes 4B, 41012, Sevilla, Spain

    Santiago Medina Carrasco

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  1. Fabrícia Fândessan Costa Alves
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  2. Alan Ícaro Sousa Morais
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  3. Luciano Clécio Brandão Lima
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  12. Edson C. Silva-Filho
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Contributions

Conceptualization: FFC; AMSS; ISL; ASS; Formal analysis: AMSS; ISL; Investigation: FFC; AMSS; ISL; Methodology: AISM; ISL; ASS; Figures: AISM; LCBL; SMC; Project administration: ECS-F; Resources: FFC; AMSS; ASS; RRPG; Supervision: ECS-F; ANSB; Validation: LCBL.; JAO; MDMOC; SMC ; Visualization: RRPG; SMC; MDMOC; ECS-F; Roles/writing—original draft: FFC; AISM; JAO; ANSB; Writing—review & editing: RRPG; JAO; MDMOC; ECS-F.

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Correspondence to Edson C. Silva-Filho.

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Alves, F.F.C., Morais, A.Í.S., Lima, L.C.B. et al. A New Composite Based on Gellan Gum/Chitosan and Hydroxyapatite Contains Gallium for Removing the Anionic Dyes Remazol Blue and Remazol Red. J Polym Environ 32, 560–572 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10924-023-02993-w

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