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The Sorption of Amoxicillin on Engineered Polyethylene Terephthalate Microplastics

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Abstract

The adsorption studies of contaminants on microplastics (MPs) collected from the marine environment are very hard to carry out mainly due to the difficulties associated with both to filtration of MPs and separation from biofilm and organic matrices. In this work, MPs were produced by a top-down protocol from polyethylene terephthalate (PET) bottles collected on the beach, thus already aged in the natural environment, and compared with engineered MPs obtained from PET pellets. Both types of MPs (size < 150 μm) were used to study the adsorption of amoxicillin, which is one of the most widely consumed antibiotics in the world and is found unchanged in the aquatic environment. The results of sorption kinetics and isotherm tests indicated that aged MPs absorbed a higher antibiotic content than unaged ones since the two kinds of microplastics had different specific surface areas. The experimental results were explained by analysing the thermodynamic affinity among amoxicillin and PET MPs and comparing it with several pharmaceuticals and other microplastics by evaluating Hansen’s solubility parameters (HSPs), which account for dispersive, polarizable and hydrogen bonding contributions to the overall cohesive energy of a compound. The possible interaction mechanism among amoxicillin and PET MPs, based on hydrogen bond interactions among the antibiotic and the ester groups of the polymer, was hypothesised. The results of adsorption tests demonstrated that PET MPs can be pollutant carriers with potential long-range transport in the aquatic environment.

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Acknowledgements

Mr Donato Cannoletta is kindly acknowledged for the support in XRD and SEM measurements.

Funding

Francesca Lionetto acknowledges Regione Puglia for funding REFIN—Research for Innovation project “NANOPLASTIC”, project no. EF42B557, in the framework of POR PUGLIA FESR-FSE 2014/2020 projects.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Engineering for Innovation, University of Salento, Via per Monteroni, 73100, Lecce, Italy

    Francesca Lionetto, Carola Esposito Corcione & Alfonso Maffezzoli

  2. Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies (DISTEBA), University of Salento, Via per Monteroni, 73100, Lecce, Italy

    Francesco Messa & Serena Perrone

  3. Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, Via Orabona 4, 70125, Bari, Italy

    Antonio Salomone

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  1. Francesca Lionetto
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Contributions

FL and FM run the experimental measurements; FL, CEC, SP and FM wrote the main manuscript text; FM prepared Figures 1,2,4,9; FL prepared Figures 3,5, 6,7,8,10. AM and AS validated the experimental work and revised the first draft of the manuscript. All authors reviewed the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Francesca Lionetto.

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Lionetto, F., Esposito Corcione, C., Messa, F. et al. The Sorption of Amoxicillin on Engineered Polyethylene Terephthalate Microplastics. J Polym Environ 31, 1383–1397 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10924-022-02690-0

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