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Dynamics of a \(^4\)He Quantum Crystal in the Superfluid Liquid

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Abstract

The motion of helium crystals has been experimentally studied when the crystals fall in the superfluid liquid owing to gravity at temperatures above the roughening transitions where the whole crystal surface is in the atomically rough state. The rate of crystal fall at \(T = 1.25\) K is higher than at \(T = 1.54\) K. This is proof of the essential role of the normal component of superfluid helium in the deceleration of crystal motion. The pressure measurements in the container have shown the effect of surface kinetics on the motions of the crystal and its size. The fall of crystals with the low surface mobility at \(T=1.54 \) K does not change the pressure significantly. The high surface mobility at \(T=1.25\) K results in decreasing the pressure in the container in the course of the fall of a crystal. The pressure drop exceeds the difference in the hydrostatic pressure between the initial and final positions of the crystal. After the stop, the pressure in the container relaxes to the difference mentioned above. This fact demonstrates an additional growth of the crystal in the flow of a superfluid liquid.

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Acknowledgements

The author is grateful to V. V. Dmitriev for the possibility of performing these experiments at Kapitza Institute for Physical Problems RAS. The author is also grateful to V. V. Zavyalov for supporting this work, S. N. Burmistrov for helpful comments and V. S. Kruglov for interest to the work.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. National Research Center “Kurchatov Institute”, Kurchatov Sq. 1, Moscow, Russia, 123182

    V. L. Tsymbalenko

  2. Kapitza Institute for Physical Problem RAS, Moscow, Russia, 119334

    V. L. Tsymbalenko

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  1. V. L. Tsymbalenko
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Correspondence to V. L. Tsymbalenko.

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Tsymbalenko, V.L. Dynamics of a \(^4\)He Quantum Crystal in the Superfluid Liquid. J Low Temp Phys 201, 526–537 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10909-020-02523-1

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