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Formation of Vortex Lattices in Superfluid Bose Gases at Finite Temperatures

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Abstract

We study the dynamics of a rotating trapped Bose–Einstein condensate (BEC) at finite temperatures. Using the Zaremba–Nikuni–Griffin formalism, based on a generalized Gross–Pitaevskii equation for the condensate coupled to a semiclassical kinetic equation for a thermal cloud, we numerically simulate vortex lattice formation in the presence of a time-dependent rotating trap potential. At low rotation frequency, the thermal cloud undergoes rigid body rotation, while the condensate exhibits irrotational flow. Above a certain threshold rotation frequency, vortices penetrate into the condensate and form a vortex lattice. Our simulation result clearly indicates a crucial role for the thermal cloud, which triggers vortex lattice formation in the rotating BEC.

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by Grants-in-Aid (No. 25887018 and No. 25400419) from the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department physics, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Tokyo, 192-0397, Japan

    E. Arahata

  2. Department physics, Tokyo University of Science, Tokyo, 162-8601, Japan

    T. Nikuni

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  1. E. Arahata
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  2. T. Nikuni
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Correspondence to E. Arahata.

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Arahata, E., Nikuni, T. Formation of Vortex Lattices in Superfluid Bose Gases at Finite Temperatures. J Low Temp Phys 183, 191–198 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10909-016-1559-z

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10909-016-1559-z

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