Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Construction of Ternary Photocatalyst of Cu/ZnO/BN with Enrich the Photocatalytic Activity Driven by Visible Light Irradiation for Degradation of RhB-MO Mixture and Amoxicillin

  • Research
  • Published:
Journal of Inorganic and Organometallic Polymers and Materials Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

In this chores the active ternary photocatalyst of Cu/ZnO/BN were mainly account for the removal of organic pollutants from waste water and also degrade the industrial wastage of organic pollutant such as drugs, dyes and pesticides. The Cu/ZnO/BN was synthesized by the simple precipitation method followed by ultra-sonication method. On that occasion the photocatalyst were characterized by various tools including XRD, XPS, UV–Vis-DRS, SEM- EDS, TEM, PL and EIS to explore the crystallinity, chemical composition, band gap, surface morphology, recombination effect and electrochemical impedance were deliberated. The different weight percentage of Cu loading (x = 3, 5 and 7%) were obtained. Especially 5% Cu/ZnO/BN photocatalyst has enhance the photocatalytic activity and also it was optimized one compared to other single and composite material which was confirmed by the photocatalytic degradation of Amoxicillin (AMX) and individual as well as together dye solution of Rhodamine-B (RhB) and Methyl orange (MO). The organic pollutants were degraded under by visible light illumination on 5% Cu/ZnO/BN photocatalyst. Interestingly 40 mg of the catalyst and 10 mg/L concentration were optimized condition for the essential photocatalytic degradation of AMX and mixture of dye solution of RhB and MO followed by (.OH) radical has the most active species were also determined by using the trapping experiments. The combination between the Cu nanoparticles, ZnO and BN resulting in the lower recombination of photo induced charge carriers with escalation of the photocatalytic activity. Hence, this work implies that the combo of 5% Cu/ZnO/BN nanocomposite is the new platform for the degradation of organic pollutants.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Scheme. 1
Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10
Fig. 11
Fig. 12
Fig. 13
Fig. 14
Fig. 15
Scheme. 2
Scheme. 3

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. W. He, Y. Wang, C. Fan, Y. Wang, X. Zhang, J. Liu, R. Li, Enhanced charge separation and increases oxygen vacancies of h-BN/OV-BiOCl for improved visible-light photocatalytic performance. RSC Adv 9, 14286–14295 (2019)

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  2. E.S. Elmolla, M. Chaudhuri, Degradation of amoxicillin and cloxacillin antibiotics in aqueous solution by the UV/ZnO photocatalytic process. J. Hazard. Mater 173, 445–449 (2010)

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  3. G. Pan, Z. Sun, Cu-doped g-C3N4 catalyst with stable Cu0 and Cu+ for enhanced amoxicillin degradation by heterogeneous electro-Fenton process at neutral pH. Chemosphere 283, 131257 (2021)

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  4. N. Li, X. Hua, K. Wang, Y. Jin, J. Xu, M. Chen, F. Teng, In situ synthesis of uniform Fe2O3/BiOCl/p/n heterojunctions and improved photodegradation properties for mixture dyes. Dalton Trans. 43, 13742 (2014)

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. R. Khurram, Z. Wang, M.F. Ehasan, S. Peng, M. Shafiq, B. Khan, Synthesis and characterization of an α-Fe2O3/ZnTe heterostructure for photocatalytic degradation of congo red, methyl orange and methylene blue. RSC Adv. 10, 44997–45007 (2020)

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  6. S.R. Yousefi, O. Amiri, M.S. Niasari, Control sonochemical parameter to prepare pure Zn0.35Fe2.65O4 nanostructures and study their photocatalytic activity. Ultrason. Sonochem. 58, 104619 (2019)

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  7. S.R. Yousefi, A. Sobhani, H.A. Alshamsi, M.S. Niasari, Green sonochemical synthesis of BaDy2NiO5/Dy2O3 and BaDy2NiO5/NiO nanocomposite in the presence of core almond as a capping agent and their application as photocatalysts for the removal of organic dyes in water. RSC Adv. 11, 11500 (2021)

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  8. S.R. Yousefi, H.A. Alshamsi, O. Amiri, M.S. Niasari, Synthesis, characterization and application of Co/Co3O4 nanocomposites as an effective photocatalyst for discoloration of organic dye contaminants in wastewater and antibacterial properties. J. Mol. Liq. 337, 116405 (2021)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. S.R. Yousefi, D. Ghanbari, M.S. Niasari, M. Hassanpour, Photo-degradation of organic dyes: simple chemical synthesis of Ni(OH)2 nanoparticles, Ni/Ni(OH)2 and Ni/NiO magnetic nanocomposites. J Mater Sci: Mater Electron. 27, 1244–1253 (2016)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. S.R. Yousefi, A. Sobhani, M.S. Niasari, A new nanocomposite superionic system (CdHgI4/HgI2): synthesis, characterization and experimental investigation. Adv Powder Technol. 28, 1258–1262 (2017)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. S.R. Yousefi, M. M-Arani, M.S. Morassaei, M.S. Niasari, H. Moayedi, Hydrothermal synthesis of DyMn2O5/Ba3Mn2O8 nanocomposite as a potential hydrogen storage material. Int. J. Hydrog. Energy. 44, 24005–24016 (2019)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. S.R. Yousefi, M. Ghanbari, O. Amiri, Z. Marzhoseyni, P. Mehdizadeh, M. H-Oghaz, M.S. Niasari, Dy2BaCuO5/Ba4DyCu3O9.09 S-scheme heterojunction nanocomposite with enhanced photocatalytic and antibacterial activites. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 104, 2952–2965 (2021)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. K. Saravanakumar, R. Karthik, S.M. Chen, J. Vinoth Kumar, K. Prakash, V. Muthuraj, Construction of novel Pd/CeO2/g-C3N4 nanocomposite as efficient visible light photocatalysts for hexavalent chromium detoxification. J. Colloid Interface Sci. 504, 514–526 (2017)

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  14. Q. Yu, P. Rong, S. Ren, L. Jiang, Y. Li, Fabrication and electrochemical performance of Al doped ZnO nanosheets on Graphene-Based flexible substrates. Front. Mater. 208, 6 (2019)

    Google Scholar 

  15. M. Rashid, M. Ikram, A. Haider, S. Naz, J. Haider, A. Ulhamid, A. Shahzadi, M. Aqeel, Photocatalytic dye degradation, and bactericidal behavior of Cu-doped ZnO nanorods and its molecular docking analysis. Dalton Trans. 49, 8314–8330 (2020)

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  16. E. Erusappan, S. Thiripuranthagan, M. Durai, S. Kumaravel, T. Vembuli, Photocatalytic Performance of visible active boron nitride supported ZnFe2O4 (ZnFe2O4/BN) nanocomposites for the removal of a aqueous organic pollutants. New J. Chem. 44, 7758–7770 (2020)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. K. Prakash, P.S. Kumar, P. Latha, K. Saravanakumar, S. Karuthapandian, Design and fabrication of a novel metal-free SiO2/g-C3N4 nanocomposite: a robust photocatalyst for the degradation of organic contaminants. J. Inorg. Organoment. Polym. Mater. 28, 268–278 (2018)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. W. Luo, T. Yang, L. Su, K. Chou, X. Hou, Preparation of hexagonal BN whiskers synthesized at low temperature and their application in fabricating an electrochemical nitrite sensor. RSC Adv. 6, 27767–27774 (2016)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. I.S. Cho, S. Lee, J.H. Noh, G.K. Choi, H.S. Jung, D.W. Kim, K.S. Hong, Visible light induced photocatalytic activity in FeNbO4 nanoparticles. J. Phys. Chem. C. 112, 18393–18398 (2008)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. S. Kuriakose, B. Satpati, S. Mohapatra, Highly efficient photocatalytic degradation of organic dyes by Cu doped ZnO nanostructures. Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 17, 25172–25181 (2015)

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  21. B.M.F. Jones, D. Maruthaman, V. Muthuraj, Construction of novel n-type semiconductor anchor on 2D honey comb like FeNbO4/RGO for visible light drive photocatalytic degradation of norfloxacin. J. Photochem. Photobio. A: Chem. 400, 112712 (2020)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. M. Murugalakshmi, B.F. Jones, C. Mamba, V. Muthuraj, Unravelling the visible light-assisted catalytic prowess of n-n type In2S3/CeO2 Z-scheme heterojunction towards organic and inorganic water pollution mitigation New. J. Chem. 45, 4046–4060 (2021)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. S. Dhanalakshmi, P.S. Kumar, S. Karuthapandian, V. Muthuraj, N. Prithivikumaran, Design of Gd2O3 nanorods: a challenging photocatalyst for the degradation of neurotoxicity chloramphenicol drug. J. Mater. Sci.: Mater Electron. 30, 3744–3752 (2019)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. L. Cao, L. Wang, L. Xu, Y. Shen, M. Xie, H. Hao, Controllable growth of Cu-Bi co-doped ZnO nanospheres on cotton fabrics and a study on their photocatalytic performance in visible light. RSC Adv. 11, 29416 (2021)

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  25. M. Dhanalakshmi, K. Saravanakumar, S.L. Prabavathi, M. Abinaya, V. Muthuraj, Fabrication of novel surface plasmon resonance induced visible light driven iridium decorated SnO2 nanorods for degradation of organic contaminants. J. Alloys Compd. 763, 512–524 (2018)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. K. Saravanakumar, V. Muthuraj, S. Vadivel, Constructing novel Ag nanoparticles anchored on MnO2 nanowires as an efficient visible light driven photocatalyst. RSC Adv. 6, 61357 (2016)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. J. Wu, S. Lu, D. Ge, L. Zhang, W. Chen, H. Gu, Photocatalytic properties of Pd/TiO2 nanosheets for hydrogen evolution from water splitting. RSC Adv. 6, 67502–67508 (2016)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. P. Samarasekara, U. Wijesinghe, E.N. Jayaweera, Impedance and electrical properties of doped ZnO thin films, GESJ. GESJ. 1, 3–9 (2015)

    Google Scholar 

  29. N. Ahmad, S. Sultana, S.M. Faisal, A. Ahmed, S. Sabir, M.Z. Khan, Zinc oxide-decorated polypyrrole/chitosan bionanocomposites with enhanced photocatalytic, antibacterial and anticancer performance. RSC Adv. 9, 41135 (2019)

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  30. M. Verma, A.K. Haritash, Photocatalytic degradation of amoxicillin in pharmaceutical wastewater: a potential tool to manage residual antibiotics. Environ. Technol. Innov. 20, 101072 (2020)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. N.T. Khoa, S.W. Kim, D.H. Yoo, S. Cho, E.J. Kim, S.H. Hahn, Fabrication of Au/Graphene-Wrapped ZnO-nanoparticle-assembled hollow spheres with effective photoinduced charge transfer for photocatalysis. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 7, 3524–3531 (2015)

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  32. M. Faraz, F.K. Naqvi, M. Shakir, N. Khare, Synthesis of samarium-doped zinc oxide nanoparticles with improved photocatalytic performance and recyclability under visible light irradiation. New J. Chem. 42, 2295–2305 (2018)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  33. K. Wang, J. Xu, X. Hua, N. Li, M. Chen, F. Teng, Y. Zhu, W. Yao, Highly efficient photodegradation of RhB-MO mixture dye wastewater by Ag3PO4 dodecahedrons under acidic condition. J Mol Catal A Chem. 393, 302–308 (2014)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  34. J. Tang, R. Wang, M. Liu, Z. Zhang, Y. Song, S. Xue, Z. Zhao, D.D. Dionysiou, Construction of novel Z-scheme Ag/FeTiO3/Ag/BiFeO3 photocatalyst with enhanced visible-light-driven photocatalytic performance for degradation of norfloxacin. Chem. Eng. J 351, 1056–1066 (2018)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  35. Y. Wu, Z. Gao, X. Sun, H. Cai, X. Wu, Photo-degradation organic dyes by Sb-based organic-inorganic hybrid ferroelectrics. Res. J. Environ. Sci. 101, 145–155 (2021)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  36. M.M. Sabzehmeidani, H. Karimi, M. Ghaedi, V.M. Avargani, Construction of efficient and stable ternary ZnFe2O4/Ag/AgBr Z-Scheme photocatalyst based on ZnFe2O4 nanofibres under LED visible light. Mater. Res. Bull. 143, 111449 (2021)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  37. S. Sharma, N. Khare, Hierarchical Bi2S3 nanoflowers: a novel photocatalyst for enhanced photoctalytic degradation of binary mixture of Rhodamine B and Methylene blue dyes and degradation of mixture of p-nitrophenol and p-chlorophenol. Adv Powder Technol. 29, 3336–3347 (2018)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  38. X. Ji, Y. GuO, S. Hua, H. Li, S. Zhang, Interaction determined sensitization photodegradation of dye complexes by boron nitride under visible light irradiation: expermental and theoretical studies. New J. Chem. 44, 9238–9247 (2020)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  39. K. Sahel, N. Perol, F. Dappozze, M. Bouhent, Z. Derriche, C. Guillard, Photocatalytic degradation of a mixture of two anionic dyes Procion Red MX-5B and Remazol Black 5 (RB5). J. Photochem. Photobiol. A. Chem. 212, 107–112 (2010)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  40. Z. Jiang, H. Zhu, W. Guo, Q. Ren, Y. Ding, S. Chen, J. Chen, X. Jia, Ag3VO4/g-C3N4/diatomite ternary compound reduces Cr(VI) ion in aqueous solution effectively under visible light. RSC Adv. 12, 7671–7679 (2022)

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  41. D. Xu, B. Cheng, S. Cao, Jiaguo Yu, enhanced photocatalytic activity and stability of Z-scheme Ag2CrO4-GO composite photocatalysts for organic pollutant degradation. Appl. Catal. B. 164, 380–388 (2015)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  42. S.L. Prabavathi, V. Muthuraj, Superior visible light driven photocatalytic degradation of fluoroquinolone drug norfloxacin over novel NiWO4 nanorods anchored on g-C3N4 nanosheets. Colloids Surf. A. Chem. 567, 43–54 (2019)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  43. O. Tomita, B. Ohtani, R. Abe, Highly selective phenol production from benzene on a platinum-loaded tungsten oxide photocatalyst with water and molecular oxygen: selective oxidation of water by holes for generating hydroxyl radical as the predominant source of the hydroxyl group, Catal. Sci. Technol. 4, 3850–3860 (2014)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  44. H. Li, F. Deng, Y. Zheng, L. Hua, C. Qu, X. Luo, Visible –light-driven Z-scheme rGO/Bi2S3-BiOBr heterjunction with tunable exposed BiOBr (102) facets for efficient synchronous photocatalytic degradation of 2-nitrophenol and Cr(VI) reduction. Environ. Sci NANO 6, 3670–3683 (2019)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  45. S.C. Yan, Z.S. Li, Z.G. Zou, Photodegradation of rhodamine B and methyl orange Over boron –doped g-C3N4 under visible light irradiation. Langmuir 26, 3894–3901 (2010)

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  46. Y. Wang, X. Wang, M. Antonietti, Polymeric graphitic carbon nitride as a heterogeneous organocatalyst :from photochemistry to multipropose catalysis to sustainable. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 51, 68–69 (2012)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

The author will express sincere thanks to College Managing Board, The Principal and Department of Chemistry, V.H. N. Senthikumara Nadar College (Autonomous), for affording research facilities.

Funding

The authors have not disclosed any funding.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemistry, V.H. N. Senthikumara Nadar College (Autonomous), Virudhunagar, 626 001, Tamil Nadu, India

    Sivasubramanian Sount harya, Benjamin Moses Filip Jones, Velluchamy Muthuraj & Karuthapandian Swaminathan

Authors
  1. Sivasubramanian Sount harya
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Benjamin Moses Filip Jones
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Velluchamy Muthuraj
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Karuthapandian Swaminathan
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Contributions

The authors confirm contribution to the paper as follows: S. Sountharya: study conception, design, Data collection and characterizaion B. Filip Jones: data Analysis; V. Muthuraj: analysis and interpretation of results: S. Karuthapandian: draft manuscript preparation, All authors reviewed the results and approved the final version of the manuscript.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Karuthapandian Swaminathan.

Ethics declarations

Competing interests

The authors have not disclosed any competing interests.

Additional information

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Supplementary Information

Below is the link to the electronic supplementary material.

Supplementary file1 (DOCX 1868 KB)

Rights and permissions

Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Sount harya, S., Jones, B.M.F., Muthuraj, V. et al. Construction of Ternary Photocatalyst of Cu/ZnO/BN with Enrich the Photocatalytic Activity Driven by Visible Light Irradiation for Degradation of RhB-MO Mixture and Amoxicillin. J Inorg Organomet Polym 33, 2075–2092 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10904-023-02621-z

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10904-023-02621-z

Keywords

Search

Navigation