Abstract
Two types of nanomaterials with promising potential for bisphenol A (BPA) degradation have been synthesized using two simple methods. In the first method (mode 1; M1-MnOX), KMnO4 solution was added to pre-synthesized magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (MC) under ultrasonic mixing and subsequently, MnSO4 solution was added dropwise to the suspension. In the second method (mode 2; M2-MnOX), the mode of reagent addition was reversed; MnSO4 solution was added to MC under continuous sonication prior to the dropwise addition of KMnO4 solution to the suspension. The nanomaterials were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The application of the nanomaterials as reusable magnetic materials for BPA degradation in water was investigated. The M1-MnOX and M2-MnOX, nanomaterials with sizes in the range 10–18 nm, were composed of iron oxide core and amorphous manganese oxide shell. Interestingly, the maximum amount of BPA degraded by M1-MnOX within 48 h was ~1 mg BPA/g wet nanoparticles, which was significantly higher than the amount degraded by M2-MnOX nanoparticles (~0.16 mg BPA/g wet nanoparticles). Furthermore, the M1-MnOX nanoparticles could be efficiently reused four successive times without major loss of degradation activity. These low cost nanomaterials could be easily recovered by magnetic separation and washed for reuse, overcoming both filtration and reuse problems often associated with conventional use of colloidal manganese oxides as sorbents or catalysts.
Graphical Abstract
Similar content being viewed by others
References
R. Craciun, B. Nentwick, K. Hadjiivanov, H. Knozinger, Appl. Catal. A 243, 67 (2003)
C. Kappenstein, T. Wahdan, D. Duprez, M.I. Zaki, D. Brands, E. Poels, A. Blick, Preparation of Catalysts VI (Elsevier, Amsterdam, 1995), pp. 699–706
F. Wang, H. Dai, J. Deng, G. Bai, K. Ji, Y. Liu, Environ. Sci. Technol. 46, 4034 (2012)
R. Huang, Z. Fang, X. Yan, W. Cheng, Chem. Eng. J. 197, 242 (2012)
S.C. Kim, W.G. Shim, J. Appl. Catal. B 98, 180 (2010)
N. Gao, J. Hong, Z. Yu, P. Peng, W. Huang, Soil Sci. 176, 265 (2011)
K. Lin, W. Liu, J. Gan, Environ. Sci. Technol. 43, 3860 (2009)
K.F. Rubert, J.A. Pedersen, Environ. Sci. Technol. 40, 7216 (2006)
L. Xu, C. Xu, M. Zhao, Y. Qiu, G.D. Sheng, Water Res. 42, 5038 (2008)
F. Arena, T. Torre, C. Raimondo, A. Parmaliana, Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 3, 1911 (2001)
H. Einaga, Y. Teraoka, A. Ogat, Catal. Today 164, 571 (2011)
B. Zhao, R. Ran, X. Wu, D. Weng, X. Wu, C. Huang, Catal. Commun. 56, 36 (2014)
K. Lin, Y. Peng, X. Huang, J. Ding, Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res. 20, 1461 (2013)
A. Dhakshinamoorthy, S. Navalon, M. Alvaro, H. Garcia, ChemSusChem 5, 46 (2012)
M.B. Gawande, P.S. Branco, R.S. Varma, Chem. Soc. Rev. 42, 3371 (2013)
V. Polshettiwar, R. Luque, A. Fihri, H. Zhu, M. Bouhrara, J.M. Basset, Chem. Rev. 111, 3036 (2011)
D. Ramimoghadametal, S. Bagheri, S.B.A. Hamid, J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 368, 207 (2014)
B. Liu, Z. Zhang, K. Lv, K. Deng, H. Duan, Appl. Catal. A 472, 64 (2014)
C.L. Warner, W. Chouyyok, K.E. Mackie, D. Neiner, L.V. Saraf, T.C. Droubay, M.G. Warner, R.S. Addleman, Langmuir 28, 3931 (2012)
A. Omoike, in Nanoparticles: Synthesis, Stabilization, Passivation and Functionalization, ed. By R. Nagarajan and T.A. Hatton, (Oxford University Press, London, 2008) p. 90
R.M. Cornell, U. Schwertmann, in The Iron Oxides: Structure, Properties, Reactions, Occurrence, and Uses, (Wiley-VCH, New York, 2003) pp. 53–85
J. Lai, K.V.P.M. Shafi, A. Ulman, K. Loos, N.-L. Yang, M.-H. Cui, T. Vogt, C. Estournes, D.C. Locke, J. Phys. Chem. B 108, 14876 (2004)
S.J. Salazar, L. Perez, O. de Abril, L.T. Phuoc, D. Ihiawakrim, M. Vazquez, J.-M. Greneche, S. Begin-Colin, G. Pourroy, Chem. Mater. 23, 1379 (2011)
R. Liu, H. Liu, Z. Qiang, J. Qu, G. Li, D. Wang, J. Colloid Interface Sci. 331, 275 (2009)
Z. Zhang, J. Kong, J. Hazard. Mater. 193, 325 (2011)
H. Carvalho, P. Hammer, S. Pulcinelli, C. Santilli, E. Molina, Mater. Sci. Eng. B 181, 64 (2014)
V. C. Bose, V. Biju, Bull. Mater. Sci. 38, 865 (2015)
Y. Huang, J. Tang, L. Gai, Y. Gong, H. Guan, R. He, H. Lyu, Chem. Eng. J. 319, 229 (2017)
D. Banerjee, H.W. Nesbitt, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 63, 1671 (1999)
G.-S. Zhang, J.-H. Qu, H.-J. Liu, R.-P. Liu, G.-T. Li, Environ. Sci. Technol. 41, 4613 (2007)
L. Jiang, S. Xiao, J. Chen, Colloid Surf. A 479, 1 (2015)
A.S. Madden, M.F. Hochella Jr., Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 69, 389 (2005)
H. Veeramani, D. Aruguete, N. Monsegue, M. Murayama, U. Dippon, A. Kappler, M.F. Hochella, ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng. 1, 1070 (2013)
Y.H. Chen, J. Alloys Compd. 553, 194 (2013)
S. Anjum, R. Tufail, K. Rashid, R. Zia, S. Riaz, J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 432, 198 (2017)
T. Belin, N. Millot, N. Bovet, M.J. Gailhanou, J. Solid State Chem. 180, 2377 (2007)
J. Li, R. Wang, J.J. Hao, Phys. Chem. C 114, 10544 (2010)
B. Liu, P.S. Thomas, A.S. Ray, R.P. Williams, J. Therm. Anal. Calorim 76, 115 (2004)
M.I. Zaki, M.A. Hasan, L. Pasupulety, K. Kumari, Thermochim. Acta 303, 171 (1997)
K. Akhtar, M. Gul, I.U. Haq, R.A. Khan, Z.U. Khan, A. Hussain, Ceram. Int. 42, 18064 (2016)
M. Neamtu, N.H. Frimmel, Water Res. 40, 3745 (2006)
A. Belfroid, M. van Velzen, B. van der Horst, D. Vethaak, Chemosphere 49, 97 (2002)
L.N. Vandenberg, R. Hauser, M. Marcus, N. Olea, W.V. Welshons, Reprod. Toxicol. 24, 139 (2007)
A. Wollner, F. Lange, H. Schmetz, H. Knozinger, Appl. Catal. 94, 181 (1993)
A.T. Stone, J.J. Morgan, Environ. Sci. Technol. 18, 617 (1984)
H.C. Zhang, C.H. Huang, Environ. Sci. Technol. 39, 593 (2005)
J. Im, C.W. Prevatte, S.R. Campagna, F.E. Loffler, Environ. Sci. Technol. 49, 6214 (2015)
Acknowledgements
This work was supported by the Research Initiative for Summer Engagement (RISE) Award, USC Office of the Vice President for Research and partial support by USC Upstate Office of Sponsored Awards and Research Support. The authors thank Professor Hanno zur Loye (University of South Carolina, Columbia SC), Dr. Haijun Quian (Clemson University Electron Microscopy Laboratory, Clemson SC), Mr. Paul Lee (The University of Arizona, Tucson AZ) for their assistance with PXRD, TEM/HRTEM, and XPS analysis, respectively.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Omoike, A.I., Hall, K.N. Oxidative Degradation of Bisphenol A Using Recyclable Nanomaterials. J Inorg Organomet Polym 28, 535–547 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10904-017-0627-4
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10904-017-0627-4