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Smoking Prevalence Inequalities Among Roma and Non-Roma Population in Spain Between 2006 and 2014

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Abstract

Tobacco consumption is unequally distributed in society. The objective was to identify trends in tobacco use among the General and Spanish Roma populations in 2006 and 2014, years characterized by strengthening of anti-smoking policy in Spain. We calculated prevalences and logistical regression models based on the Spanish National Health Survey (2006/2012) and the National Health Survey of the Roma population (2006/2014). Smoking decreased only in men in the General population (OR 0.885). In the Roma population, there were no significant changes observed for the 2 years studied (OR: men 1.095, and women 1.147). In fact, Roma men smoke 4.2 cigarettes more, and they have a younger age of initial tobacco use. Smoking behavior of the Roma population has not changed, and there has been no reduction in inequalities in tobacco use among the two populations, despite public policies designed to reduce tobacco use in Spain.

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Acknowledgements

We wish to thank the interviewers and associations of the Roma community in Spain for participating in this study.

Funding

Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness of Spain, FEDER Funds (“National Health Survey to Roma Population 2013–2014”, Project Ref. PI12/00842), and Ministry of Health, Social Services and Equality of Spain, Carlos III Health Institute. Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities of Spain, Spanish State Research Agency (AEI), and European Fund for Economic and Regional Development (FEDER): “Comparative impact evaluation: Roma National Integration Strategies”, Project Ref. CSO2017-83787-P. University Research Institute for Gender Studies—IUIEG-, for activities leading to doctoral theses that include a gender perspective. 2017.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Community Nursing, Preventive Medicine and Public Health and History of Science, University of Alicante, de San Vicente del Raspeig s/n, San Vicente del Raspeig, 03690, Alicante, Spain

    Marisa Usera-Clavero, Pablo Caballero, Carmen Vives-Cases & Diana Gil-González

  2. Department of Sociology II, Alicante University, Alicante, Spain

    Daniel La Parra-Casado

  3. CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER-ESP), Barcelona, Spain

    Carmen Vives-Cases & Diana Gil-González

Authors
  1. Marisa Usera-Clavero
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  2. Daniel La Parra-Casado
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  3. Pablo Caballero
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  4. Carmen Vives-Cases
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  5. Diana Gil-González
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Pablo Caballero.

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The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Ethical Approval

The research was approved by the Ethics Committee of the University of Alicante (Spain) that carried out the study.

Informed Consent

Those interviewed were informed in writing and verbally of the objective of the survey, the voluntary nature of participation, the protection of anonymity and confidentiality, and of the institution and team responsible for conducting the survey. No incentive for participation was offered to respondents.

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Usera-Clavero, M., La Parra-Casado, D., Caballero, P. et al. Smoking Prevalence Inequalities Among Roma and Non-Roma Population in Spain Between 2006 and 2014. J Immigrant Minority Health 21, 1282–1289 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10903-019-00863-z

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