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Family Connections and Subjective Wellbeing in Transitional China

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Abstract

This study investigates inter-generational connections between adult children and elderly parents in China during a period of profound socioeconomic transformations and examine their impact on subjective wellbeing. Using data from the China Household Finance Survey, we examine whether adult children experience greater happiness when they maintain close connections with their aging parents. In addition to considering the well-established factors of age, health, homeownership, and financial resources, we specifically focus on living arrangements between adult children and aging parents and find living apart but in proximity has replaced co-residence as the dominant living arrangement in China and has a significant positive effect on wellbeing. Furthermore, we observe that strong intergenerational connections, encompassing emotional and material support, also significantly enhance wellbeing. This suggests that despite ongoing modernization and market transition in China, the enduring influence of Confucian values on family bonds persists, albeit with some contemporary adaptations, thereby promoting wellbeing. By examining inter-generational connections within extended families and their intersectionality with SWB, this study contributes to the literature on wellbeing by providing a familial perspective and studying a unique meso-level local contexts defined by family relations rather than spatial or administrative boundaries.

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Notes

  1. Xinjiang, Tibet, Macao, Hong Kong and Taiwan are excluded from these provincial regions.

  2. In China, cities are grouped in a four-tier system: the First-Tier cities are the very large cities, including Beijing, Shanghai, Tianjin, Guangzhou and Chongqing; Second-Tier cities include provincial capitals, cities of 3–15 million; Third-Tier cities are prefecture capitals of 150,000 to 3 million, and Fourth-Tier cities are county level cities. The Third-Tier and Fourth-Tier cities are smaller cities and they are somewhat difficult to separate and thus they are often combined.

  3. Unweighted regression results are listed in Table 7 in Appendix.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Geography and Planning, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, USA

    Youqin Huang

  2. School of Urban Economics and Public Administration, Capital University of Economics and Business, Beijing, China

    Yuyao Li

  3. Department of Geography, University of California, Los Angeles, USA

    William A. V. Clark

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Appendix

Appendix

See Table 7.

Table 7 A Ordered logistic regression on subjective well-being (unweighted, 0-unhappy, 1-neutral, 2-happy, 3-very happy)
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Huang, Y., Li, Y. & Clark, W.A.V. Family Connections and Subjective Wellbeing in Transitional China. J Happiness Stud 25, 33 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10902-024-00744-9

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