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Predictors of Colorectal Cancer Screening Among African American Men Living with HIV

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Abstract

African American men living with HIV are at high risk of colorectal cancer (CRC). Screening to detect CRC is associated with a reduced risk of CRC mortality. However, little is known about CRC screening predictors in this population. This study examined the relation of self-efficacy, a potential mediator of screening that interventions could target, to CRC screening. It also investigated several variables that might identify subpopulations of African American men non-adherent to CRC screening recommendations. We report a secondary analysis on baseline data from a randomized controlled trial of a health promotion intervention for African American men living with HIV. Before their intervention, they completed measures of CRC screening, self-efficacy, marital status, age, education, and adherence to physical activity guidelines and were assessed for obesity. A total of 270 African American men aged 45 to 88 (Mean = 55.07; SD = 6.46) living with HIV participated. About 30% reported CRC screening in the past six months. Multiple logistic regression revealed greater CRC screening self-efficacy and meeting physical activity guidelines were associated with receiving CRC screening. Obese men and men reporting higher education were less likely to report screening. Age and marital status were unrelated to screening. The results of this study suggest CRC screening rates may be low among African American men living with HIV, and interventions targeting self-efficacy may improve their screening uptake. Moreover, public-health efforts to increase screening should prioritize interventions with subpopulations of African American men living with HIV who are physically inactive and obese.

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Acknowledgements

The authors gratefully acknowledge the contributions of Scarlett Bellamy, PhD, Bruce Clifton, Mikia Croom, MEd, Ian Frank, MD, Janet Hsu, Ann O’Leary, PhD, Pandora Woods, and Brian Taylor. The authors also thank the men who participated in this research.

Funding

This work was supported by the National Institutes of Health [Grant Numbers R01 MD006232, P30 AI045008, P30 MH097488].

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Rutgers University—Camden School of Nursing, 530 Federal Street, Office 448, Camden, NJ, 08102, USA

    Terri-Ann Kelly

  2. Stanford University, Stanford, USA

    Soojong Kim

  3. Drexel University College of Nursing and Health Professions, Philadelphia, USA

    Loretta S. Jemmott

  4. University Pennsylvania Annenberg School of Communication, Philadelphia, USA

    John B. Jemmott III

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Contributions

T-AK: Writing-Original draft preparation; Writing-review & editing; SK: Formal analysis, Writing-review & editing. LSJ: Conceptualization, Writing-review & editing, Funding acquisition. JBJIII: Conceptualization, Methodology, Validation, Data curation, Writing-review & editing, Supervision, Project Administration, Funding acquisition.

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Correspondence to Terri-Ann Kelly.

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Kelly, TA., Kim, S., Jemmott, L.S. et al. Predictors of Colorectal Cancer Screening Among African American Men Living with HIV. J Community Health 46, 1099–1106 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10900-021-00997-y

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