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Chromene Carbohydrazide- Schiff Base as a Highly Selective Turn-Off Fluorescence Chemosensor for In3+ Ion and its Application

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Abstract

A new 7-(diethylamino)-2-oxo-2 H-chromene-3-carbohydrazide design to synthesize a simple Schiff-base condition. The synthesized molecules’ (probe L) photophysical properties were investigated in various solvent systems and solvent-poor-solvent assays. Probe L exhibits the absorbance band at 440 nm and the emission band at 488 nm in DMSO: H2O (7:3, v/v). Further, probe L shows selective turn-off emission recognition of In3+ ions in DMSO: H2O (7:3, pH = 7.4). By Job’s plot and ESI mass analysis, probe L forms a 1:2 stoichiometry complex with an estimated association constant of 4.04 × 104 M− 2 with In3+ ions. Metal induces CHEQ (chelation-caused fluorescence quenching) to reduce the intensity of probe L’s emission, and the estimated quenching constant was 4.52 × 104 M− 1. The limit of detection was found to be 5.93 nM; the time response of the sensor is instantaneous, and its reversible nature was confirmed using EDTA additions. Solid substrates (test strips) were designed and tested for fast, reliable, user-friendly, and real-time sensing of In3+ ions for on-site applications. The binding mechanism of probe L with In3+ ions was investigated using 1H NMR titration and DFT/TD-DFT studies.

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The data used to support the findings of this study are included within the article, and the additional data is included in the supplementary material.

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Acknowledgements

The authors from Chikkanna Government Arts College would like to acknowledge Bharathiyar University, Coimbatore, India, for NMR spectral analysis, Sri Ramakrishna Mission Vidyalaya College of Arts and Science, Coimbatore, India, for IR spectral analysis, Karunya Institue of Technology and Sciences (Deemed University), Coimbatore, India for UV-visible spectral analysis.

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The authors did not receive support from any organization for the submitted work.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Post-Graduate and Research Department of Chemistry, Chikkanna Government Arts College, Tiruppur, 641 602, Tamil Nadu, India

    S. Jayapriya, A. Franklin Ebenazer & N. Sampathkumar

  2. Department of Chemistry, Sri Shakthi Institute of Engineering and Technology, Coimbatore, 641 062, Tamil Nadu, India

    S. Jayapriya

  3. Department of Chemistry, Saveetha School of Engineering, Institute of Medical and Technical Science, Saveetha University, Chennai, 602 105, Tamil Nadu, India

    J. Rajesh

  4. Post-Graduate and Research Department of Chemistry, Government Arts College (Autonomous), Coimbatore, 641 018, Tamil Nadu, India

    G. Rajagopal

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Contributions

S. Jayapriya: Conceptualization, Methodology, Writing - Original Draft. A. Franklin Ebenazer: Resources, Data curation. N. Sampathkumar: Formal analysis, Writing - Review & Editing. J. Rajesh: Formal analysis, Writing - Review & Editing.G*. Rajagopal: Supervision, Project administration, Writing - Review & Editing.

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Jayapriya, S., Ebenazer, A., Sampathkumar, N. et al. Chromene Carbohydrazide- Schiff Base as a Highly Selective Turn-Off Fluorescence Chemosensor for In3+ Ion and its Application. J Fluoresc (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10895-024-03655-3

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