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(S)-Sulcatol Is a Pheromone Component for Two Species of Cerambycid Beetles in the Subfamily Lamiinae

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Abstract

Males of several species in the large cerambycid beetle subfamily Lamiine, native to South and North America, are known to produce aggregation-sex pheromones composed of three related structures: the sesquiterpene catabolic product geranylacetone, its corresponding alcohol (known as fuscumol), and the acetate ester of the alcohol (fuscumol acetate). Here, we show that males of two lamiine species native to the eastern USA, Astylopsis macula (Say) and Leptostylus transversus (Gyllenhal) (both tribe Acanthocinini), produce pheromones composed of the structurally related (S)-6-methylhept-5-en-2-ol ([S]-sulcatol). Males of both species also produced 6-methylhept-5-en-2-one (sulcatone), and males of A. macula produced trace amounts of (R)-fuscumol acetate. Field experiments demonstrated that both species were attracted by (S)-sulcatol. Sulcatone was not attractive as a single component, nor did it influence attraction of A. macula to (S)-sulcatol, while its effect on L. transversus was unclear. Data from the field experiments, and a separate experiment using traps fitted with a timer mechanism that rotated trap jars, revealed that the two species overlap only slightly in both seasonal and daily flight period, thus minimizing interspecific attraction. Racemic fuscumol acetate and fuscumol antagonized attraction of both species to sulcatol. The identification of sulcatol as a cerambycid pheromone extends the known range of pheromone components in the subfamily Lamiinae.

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Acknowledgements

We thank Suzanne Vachula and Alexander Hazel for assistance with field work. For access to field sites, we thank S. Buck and the University of Illinois Committee on Natural Areas and the Vermilion County Conservation District. This research was supported by grants from The Alphawood Foundation of Chicago to LMH, and grants from USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture (numbers 2012-67013-19303 and 2015-67013-23173) and USDA-APHIS (grant number 15-8130-1422-CA) to LMH and JGM.

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Author notes

  1. Linnea R. Meier

    Present address: USDA-APHIS-PPQ-CPHST, 1398 W. Truck Rd., Otis Air National Guard Base, Buzzards Bay, MA, 02542, USA

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Entomology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 320 Morrill Hall, 505 S. Goodwin Ave., Urbana, IL, 61801, USA

    Linnea R. Meier, Judith A. Mongold-Diers & Lawrence M. Hanks

  2. Department of Entomology, University of California, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA

    Jocelyn G. Millar

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  1. Linnea R. Meier
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  2. Jocelyn G. Millar
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  3. Judith A. Mongold-Diers
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  4. Lawrence M. Hanks
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Correspondence to Lawrence M. Hanks.

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Meier, L.R., Millar, J.G., Mongold-Diers, J.A. et al. (S)-Sulcatol Is a Pheromone Component for Two Species of Cerambycid Beetles in the Subfamily Lamiinae. J Chem Ecol 45, 447–454 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10886-019-01071-7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10886-019-01071-7

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