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Effects of hypnosis on the relative parasympathetic tone assessed by ANI (Analgesia/Nociception Index) in healthy volunteers: a prospective observational study

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Abstract

Hypnosis has shown an effect on the regulation of the autonomic nervous system by increasing parasympathetic activity. The Analgesia/Nociception Index (ANI) is derived from heart rate variability and represents the relative parasympathetic tone. We investigated the effects of hypnosis on ANI in healthy volunteers. Participants to the 2016 International Hypnosis congress, Saint Malo, France were recruited in this prospective observational study. After comfortable positioning of the subject in the sitting position (T0), the hypnotic trance was induced (T1) then conducted with suggestions of comfort (T2) before return to normal consciousness (T3). The ANI, heart rate (HR) and respiratory rate (RR) were recorded at the different time-points. Forty subjects were enrolled (31 women, 9 men). The mean ± SD ANI at T2 (84 ± 12) was significantly greater than at T0 (60 ± 10), T1 (62 ± 9) and T3 (59 ± 11). The median [25th–75th percentile] ANI values at T2 were significantly greater in women (90 [83–95]) than in men (74 [68–83]). There were no significant variations of HR during time. The median [25th–75th percentile] RR at T1 (16 [14–18] breaths/min) and T2 (14 [12–16] breaths/min) were significantly smaller than at T0 (18 [16–20] breaths/min) and T3 (18 [16–20] breaths/min). This study shows that hypnosis induces an increase in the relative parasympathetic tone assessed by ANI in healthy volunteers, with greater ANI values observed in women. These results suggest that ANI monitoring may provide an objective tool for the measurement of the intensity of the hypnotic process, although this should be confirmed by further studies.

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Funding

The study was funded by institutional sources only. Three ANI monitors® were loaned ex gratia by MDoloris Medical Systems (Lille, France) for the duration of the study.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Anesthesiology, Pierre Oudot Hospital Center, 38300, Bourgoin-Jallieu, France

    E. Boselli

  2. APCSe VetAgro Sup UPSP 2016.A101, University Lyon I Claude Bernard, University of Lyon, Lyon, France

    E. Boselli

  3. Émergences, Institute for Teaching and Research in Hypnosis and Therapeutic Communication, Rennes, France

    E. Boselli, H. Musellec, L. Martin, F. Bernard, N. Fusco, N. Guillou, P. Hugot, X. Paqueron, T. Yven & C. Virot

  4. Department of Anesthesiology, Saint-Grégoire Private Hospital Center, Saint Grégoire, France

    H. Musellec, L. Martin, F. Bernard, N. Guillou, P. Hugot & T. Yven

  5. Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospital of Rennes, Rennes, France

    N. Fusco

  6. Department of Anesthesiology, Center Clinical, Soyaux, France

    X. Paqueron

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  1. E. Boselli
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  2. H. Musellec
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  3. L. Martin
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  4. F. Bernard
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Correspondence to E. Boselli.

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Conflict of interest

Emmanuel Boselli has received travel grants and speaker honorarium form MDoloris Medical Systems (Lille, France). Hervé Musellec, Laure Martin, Franck Bernard, Nicolas Fusco, Nicolas Guillou, Pierre Hugot, Xavier Paqueron, Thomas Yven and Claude Virot declares that they have no conflict of interest.

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Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.

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Boselli, E., Musellec, H., Martin, L. et al. Effects of hypnosis on the relative parasympathetic tone assessed by ANI (Analgesia/Nociception Index) in healthy volunteers: a prospective observational study. J Clin Monit Comput 32, 487–492 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10877-017-0056-5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10877-017-0056-5

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