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Facile Synthesis and Characterization of Quercetin-Loaded Alginate Nanoparticles for Enhanced In Vitro Anticancer Effect Against Human Leukemic Cancer U937 Cells

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Abstract

Nanoparticles synthesized from biopolymers have received attention for their use as biological carriers in the delivery of hydrophobic drugs. Alginate, a marine biopolymer, is utilized to synthesize nanoparticles as a nanocarrier to overcome the limitations of quercetin solubility and its bioavailability. The present study aims at the synthesis of alginate nanoparticles (ALG NPs) by a simple approach for the delivery of a bioactive compound, quercetin. Quercetin entrapped alginate nanoparticles (QR-ALG NPs) with a size of 180 nm and negative zeta potential of − 21.4 mV were synthesized following a cold precipitation method. QR-ALG NPs were analyzed by UV, Fluorescence spectroscopy, AFM, SEM, XRD, and FTIR. The formulated QR-ALG NPs achieved a drug entrapment efficiency of 68% along with a shelf life of 35 days at room temperature. In vitro drug release assay showed a sustainable quercetin release up to 6 days. DPPH assay showed that QR-ALG NPs retained its antioxidant activity. MTT results demonstrated that QR-ALG NPs enhanced anticancer efficacy on the U937 cell line. This novel method to synthesize ALG NP is simple, efficient, and less laborious, could be a promising application for encapsulating drugs in nanomedicine.

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Acknowledgements

The author would like to thank the NRCBS, UGC-Genomics Instrumentation Facility, and also grateful to the University Grants Commission, New Delhi, for the UGC-BSR meritorious Fellowship awarded for the Ph.D. degree.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Microbial Technology, School of Biological Sciences, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai, 625021, Tamilnadu, India

    Sureshkumar Selvaraj, Suguna Shanmugasundaram & Murugan Maruthamuthu

  2. Formerly, Research and Development, Reliance Industries Ltd, Jamnagar, 361140, India

    Suguna Shanmugasundaram

  3. Department of Biotechnology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, 641046, Tamilnadu, India

    Baskar Venkidasamy

  4. Department of Biotechnology, Sri Shakthi Institute of Engineering and Technology, Coimbatore, 641062, Tamilnadu, India

    Sambandam Shanmugasundaram

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  1. Sureshkumar Selvaraj
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Correspondence to Sureshkumar Selvaraj.

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Selvaraj, S., Shanmugasundaram, S., Maruthamuthu, M. et al. Facile Synthesis and Characterization of Quercetin-Loaded Alginate Nanoparticles for Enhanced In Vitro Anticancer Effect Against Human Leukemic Cancer U937 Cells. J Clust Sci 32, 1507–1518 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10876-020-01913-5

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