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Adherence to low-calorie and low-sugar diets is uniquely associated with distinct facets of appearance/weight-related smoking motivations

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Abstract

Smokers report weight and appetite control as motivators to smoking continuance. These concerns are particularly salient for smokers who use cigarettes to suppress appetite and manage weight. Dieting may influence weight, shape, and appetite-related smoking motivation; however, this has not yet been examined. This study tested associations between five diet types and smoking motivation to control weight, shape, and appetite among adult daily cigarette smokers (N = 550). A multivariate analysis was used to test the incremental association between diet types and Smoking-Related Weight and Eating Episodes Test (SWEET) subscales, adjusting for age, body mass index, sex, and cigarette dependence. Smokers who diet (n = 83, 15.1%) reported higher scores on all SWEET subscales compared to smokers not on a diet. Low-calorie dieting was associated with greater smoking motivation to cope with body dissatisfaction, and low-sugar dieting was associated with greater motivation for smoking to prevent withdrawal-related appetite increases. Treatment implications for smoking cessation are discussed.

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Correspondence to Samantha G. Farris.

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All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the APA ethical standards and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.

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Awaiver of informed consent was approved by the institutional review board given the anonymous nature of this study. All participants read and acknowledged a cover letter that described the study, including the voluntary nature of participation prior to initiating the survey.

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Coniglio, K.A., Rosen, R., Burr, E.K. et al. Adherence to low-calorie and low-sugar diets is uniquely associated with distinct facets of appearance/weight-related smoking motivations. J Behav Med 43, 487–492 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10865-020-00149-y

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10865-020-00149-y

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