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Social support, loneliness, eating, and activity among parent–adolescent dyads

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Abstract

We examined associations of social support and loneliness with eating and activity among parent–adolescent dyads (N = 2968) using actor–partner interdependence modeling. Loneliness had several actor associations with health behaviors (adolescents: less physical activity [PA], p < .001, more sedentariness, p < .001; parents: less fruit/vegetable consumption [FVC], p = .029, more hedonic food consumption [HFC], p = .002, and sedentariness, p < .001), but only one dyadic association (adolescent loneliness with less parent FVC, p = .039). Visible support was associated with less HFC, p < .001, and sedentariness, p < .001, but less FVC, p = .008, among adolescents. Invisible support was associated with less HFC, p = .003, but also less PA, p = .028, among adolescents. Both support types were associated with less HFC among parents, p < .001, but invisible support was also associated with less FVC, p = .029, and PA, p = .012, and more sedentariness, p = .013, among parents. When examining health behavior among parents and adolescents, it may be important to consider social support (but perhaps not loneliness) at a dyadic level.

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Notes

  1. The majority of missingness was due to missing data on sociodemographic variables; few participants were excluded for missingness on loneliness (parents n = 30, adolescents n = 92) or support (parents n = 22, adolescents n = 60). We ran 22 regression analyses; of these, only three were significant. Specifically, missingness on parent-perceived support was predicted by greater age, p = .032, and college education, p = 0.43. Missingness on parent loneliness was predicted by non-white race, p = .018. Missingness on adolescent loneliness and adolescent-perceived support was not predicted by any sociodemographic variables.

  2. The pattern and significance of findings remained unchanged when sociodemographic control variables were omitted.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Basic Biobehavioral and Psychological Sciences Branch, Behavioral Research Program, Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute, 9609 Medical Center Drive, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA

    Jessica D. Welch, Erin M. Ellis, Paige A. Green & Rebecca A. Ferrer

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  1. Jessica D. Welch
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  2. Erin M. Ellis
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  3. Paige A. Green
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Correspondence to Jessica D. Welch.

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Jess Welch, Erin Ellis, Paige Green, and Rebecca Ferrer declares that they have no conflict of interest.

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All procedures followed were in accordance with ethical standards of the responsible committee on human experimentation (institutional and national) and with the Helsinki Declaration of 1975, as revised in 2000. Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.

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Welch, J.D., Ellis, E.M., Green, P.A. et al. Social support, loneliness, eating, and activity among parent–adolescent dyads. J Behav Med 42, 1015–1028 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10865-019-00041-4

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