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Cysteine dietary supplementation reverses the decrease in mitochondrial ROS production at complex I induced by methionine restriction

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Abstract

It has been described that dietary cysteine reverses many of the beneficial changes induced by methionine restriction in aging rodents. In this investigation male Wistar rats were subjected to diets low in methionine, supplemented with cysteine, or simultaneously low in methionine and supplemented with cysteine. The results obtained in liver showed that cysteine supplementation reverses the decrease in mitochondrial ROS generation induced by methionine restriction at complex I. Methionine restriction also decreased various markers of oxidative and non-oxidative stress on mitochondrial proteins which were not reversed by cysteine. Instead, cysteine supplementation also lowered protein damage in association with decreases in mTOR activation. The results of the present study add the decrease in mitochondrial ROS production to the various beneficial changes induced by methionine restriction that are reversed by cysteine dietary supplementation.

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Abbreviations

AIF:

Apoptosis-inducing factor

CEL:

Carboxyethyl-lysine

CML:

Carboxymethyl-lysine

CMC:

S-(carboxymethyl)-cysteine

ERK:

Extracellular-signal regulated kinase

GSA:

Glutamic semialdehyde

MDA:

Malondialdehyde-lysine

MetR:

Methionine restriction

mitROSp:

Mitochondrial ROS production

mTOR:

Mammalian target of rapamycin

ROS:

Reactive oxygen species

SC:

Succinyl-cysteine

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Acknowledgments

This investigation was supported by grants from the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (BFU2009-118/79BFI, RD12/0043/0018, PI1300584, and PI1400328), and the Autonomous Government of Catalonia (2014SGR168) to R. Pamplona; and from the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (BFU 2011-23888) to G. Barja. A. Gomez received a pre-doctoral fellowship from the Spanish Government.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Animal Physiology-II, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Complutense University of Madrid (UCM), Madrid, 28040, Spain

    A. Gomez, J. Gomez, M. Lopez Torres & G. Barja

  2. Department of Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Lleida-IRBLLEIDA, Lleida, 25198, Spain

    A. Naudi, N. Mota-Martorell & R. Pamplona

  3. Departamento de Fisiología Animal II, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Complutense, c/ Jose Antonio Novais 2, Madrid, 28040, Spain

    G. Barja

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  1. A. Gomez
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  2. J. Gomez
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  3. M. Lopez Torres
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  4. A. Naudi
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  5. N. Mota-Martorell
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  6. R. Pamplona
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  7. G. Barja
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Correspondence to G. Barja.

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Gomez, A., Gomez, J., Torres, M.L. et al. Cysteine dietary supplementation reverses the decrease in mitochondrial ROS production at complex I induced by methionine restriction. J Bioenerg Biomembr 47, 199–208 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10863-015-9608-x

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10863-015-9608-x

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