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The mitochondrial complex I of trypanosomatids - an overview of current knowledge

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Abstract

The contribution of trypanosomatid mitochondrial complex I for energy transduction has long been debated. Herein, we summarize current knowledge on the composition and relevance of this enzyme. Bioinformatic and proteomic analyses allowed the identification of many conserved and trypanosomatid-specific subunits of NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase, revealing a multifunctional enzyme capable of performing bioenergetic activities and possibly, also of functioning in fatty acid metabolism. A multimeric structure organized in 5 domains of more than 2 MDa is predicted, in contrast to the 1 MDa described for mammalian complex I. The relevance of mitochondrial complex I within the Trypanosomatidae family is quite diverse with its NADH oxidation activity being dispensable for both procyclic and bloodstream Trypanosoma brucei, whereas in Phytomonas serpens the enzyme is the only respiratory complex able to sustain membrane potential. Aside from complex I, trypanosomatid mitochondria contain a type II NADH dehydrogenase and a NADH-dependent fumarate reductase as alternative electron entry points into the respiratory chain and thus, some trypanosomatids may have bypassed the need for complex I. The involvement of each of these enzymes in the maintenance of the mitochondrial redox balance in trypanosomatids is still an open question and requires further investigation.

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Acknowledgments

The authors acknowledge Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia, Portugal for financial support [Fundo Europeu de Desenvolvimento Regional-FEDER funds through the Operational Competitiveness Program—COMPETE and National Funds through FCT FCOMP-01-0124-FEDER-009506 (PTDC/CVT/100090/2008)]. We would like to thank Patrícia Carneiro for critically reading the manuscript.

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The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest

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  1. IBMC - Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre 823, 4150-180, Porto, Portugal

    Margarida Duarte & Ana M. Tomás

  2. ICBAS - Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal

    Ana M. Tomás

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  1. Margarida Duarte
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  2. Ana M. Tomás
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Correspondence to Margarida Duarte.

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Duarte, M., Tomás, A.M. The mitochondrial complex I of trypanosomatids - an overview of current knowledge. J Bioenerg Biomembr 46, 299–311 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10863-014-9556-x

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10863-014-9556-x

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