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Approaches to improve integration and regeneration of an ex vivo derived temporomandibular joint disc scaffold with variable matrix composition

  • Clinical Applications of Biomaterials
  • Original Research
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Abstract

Due to their natural biochemical and biomechanical characteristics, using ex vivo tissues as platforms for guided tissue regeneration has become widely accepted, however subsequent attachment and integration of these constructs in vivo is often overlooked. A decellularized porcine temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disc has shown promise as a scaffold to guide disc regeneration and preliminary work has shown the efficacy of surfactant (SDS) treatment within the fibrocartilaginous disc to remove cellular components. The majority of studies focus on the intermediate region of the disc (or disc proper). Using this approach, inherent attachment tissues can be maintained to improve construct stability and integration within the joint. Unlike human disc attachment tissue, the porcine attachment tissues have high lipid content which would require a different processing approach to remove immunogenic components. In order to examine the effect of delipidation on the attachment tissue properties, SDS and two organic solvent mixtures (acetone/ethanol and chloroform/methanol) were compared. Lipid and cellular solubilization, ECM alteration, and seeded human mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) morphology and viability were assessed. Quantitative analysis showed SDS treatments did not effectively delipidate the attachment tissues and cytotoxicity was noted toward MSC in these regions. Acetone/ethanol removed cellular material but not all lipids, while chloroform/methanol removed all visible lipid deposits but residual porcine cells were observed in histological sections. When a combination of approaches was used, no residual lipid or cytotoxicity was noted. Preparing a whole TMJ graft with a combined approach has the potential to improve disc integration within the native joint environment.

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Acknowledgements

We gratefully acknowledge the support of the National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research at the US National Institutes of Health (NIH; 1R21DE022449) and the National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship (DGE-1315138).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, USA

    Andrea M. Matuska & Peter S. McFetridge

  2. Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Florida, Gainesville, USA

    M Franklin Dolwick

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  1. Andrea M. Matuska
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  2. M Franklin Dolwick
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  3. Peter S. McFetridge
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Correspondence to Peter S. McFetridge.

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Matuska, A.M., Dolwick, M.F. & McFetridge, P.S. Approaches to improve integration and regeneration of an ex vivo derived temporomandibular joint disc scaffold with variable matrix composition. J Mater Sci: Mater Med 29, 152 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10856-018-6164-z

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10856-018-6164-z

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