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Ultraviolet photofunctionalization of nanostructured titanium surfaces enhances thrombogenicity and platelet response

  • Engineering and Nano-engineering Approaches for Medical Devices
  • Original Research
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Abstract

The purpose of this study was to evaluate blood and platelet response to nanostructured TiO2 coatings and to investigate the effect of Ultraviolet (UV) light treatment on blood clotting ability, platelet activation and protein adhesion. Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy plates (n = 138) were divided into three groups; a sol–gel derived MetAliveTM coating (MA); hydrothermal coating (HT); and a non-coated group (NC). Sixty nine titanium substrates were further treated with UV light for 1 h. The thrombogenicity of the titanium substrates was assessed using fresh human blood with a whole blood kinetic clotting time method. The platelet adhesion test was conducted to evaluate the morphology and adhesion behavior of the platelets on the titanium substrates. Human diluted plasma and bovine fibronectin were used to evaluate protein adsorption. Total clotting time for the UV treated HT, MA and NC titanium substrates was almost 40 min compared to 60 min for non-UV substrates, the total clotting time for the UV treated groups were significantly lower than that of the non UV NC group (p < 0.05). UV light treatment had significantly enhanced coagulation rates. The HT and MA substrates presented more platelet aggregation, spreading and pseudopod formation in comparison with the NC substrates. UV treatment did not affect the platelet activation and protein adsorption. This in vitro study concluded that nanostructured titanium dioxide implant surfaces obtained by sol–gel and hydrothermal coating methods increased coagulation rates and enhanced platelet response when compared with non-coated surfaces. UV light treatment clearly improved thrombogenicity of all examined Ti-6Al-4V surfaces.

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Acknowledgements

The authors gratefully acknowledge Ms. Katja Sampalahti, and Ms. Oona Hällfors (Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku) for their skillful technical assistance. The corresponding author wishes to thank the Libyan Ministry of Education for its scholarship support. This study was supported by ITI Grant no: 1256_2017

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Prosthetic Dentistry and Stomatognathic Physiology, Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland

    Nagat Areid, Eva Söderling & Timo O. Närhi

  2. Turku Clinical Biomaterials Centre, University of Turku, Turku, Finland

    Ilkka Kangasniemi

  3. Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland

    Timo O. Närhi

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  1. Nagat Areid
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Correspondence to Nagat Areid.

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Areid, N., Kangasniemi, I., Söderling, E. et al. Ultraviolet photofunctionalization of nanostructured titanium surfaces enhances thrombogenicity and platelet response. J Mater Sci: Mater Med 29, 56 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10856-018-6067-z

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