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Bioactive macroporous titanium implants highly interconnected

  • Biomaterials Synthesis and Characterization
  • Original Research
  • Published:
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Abstract

Intervertebral implants should be designed with low load requirements, high friction coefficient and low elastic modulus in order to avoid the stress shielding effect on bone. Furthermore, the presence of a highly interconnected porous structure allows stimulating bone in-growth and enhancing implant-bone fixation. The aim of this study was to obtain bioactive porous titanium implants with highly interconnected pores with a total porosity of approximately 57 %. Porous Titanium implants were produced by powder sintering route using the space holder technique with a binder phase and were then evaluated in an in vivo study. The size of the interconnection diameter between the macropores was about 210 μm in order to guarantee bone in-growth through osteblastic cell penetration. Surface roughness and mechanical properties were analyzed. Stiffness was reduced as a result of the powder sintering technique which allowed the formation of a porous network. Compression and fatigue tests exhibited suitable properties in order to guarantee a proper compromise between mechanical properties and pore interconnectivity. Bioactivity treatment effect in novel sintered porous titanium materials was studied by thermo-chemical treatments and were compared with the same material that had undergone different bioactive treatments. Bioactive thermo-chemical treatment was confirmed by the presence of sodium titanates on the surface of the implants as well as inside the porous network. Raman spectroscopy results suggested that the identified titanate structures would enhance in vivo apatite formation by promoting ion exchange for the apatite formation process. In vivo results demonstrated that the bioactive titanium achieved over 75 % tissue colonization compared to the 40 % value for the untreated titanium.

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by CICYT Spanish project MAT-2015-67183-R (MINECO/DEFDER,UE) and the Andorra and Catalan Government for CTP grants.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Biomaterials, Biomecànica i Enginyeria de Teixits Department, de Ciència dels Materials i Enginyeria Metal·lúrgica, ETSEIB, Technical University of Catalonia, Barcelona, Spain

    Cristina Caparrós, Mónica Ortiz-Hernandez, Meritxell Molmeneu, Miguel Punset, Mariano Fernández-Fairén, Román Perez & Francisco Javier Gil

  2. Nanoengineering Research Center (CRnE), Technical University of Catalonia, Catalonia, Spain

    Cristina Caparrós, Mónica Ortiz-Hernandez, Meritxell Molmeneu, Miguel Punset & Mariano Fernández-Fairén

  3. AMES S.A. Carretera Nacional 340, Pol.Ind. Les Fallulles. S. Vicenç dels Horts, Barcelona, Spain

    José Antonio Calero

  4. Minnesota Dental Research Center, Biomaterials and Biomechanics, School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, ME, USA

    Conrado Aparicio

  5. School of Dentistry, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain

    Román Perez & Francisco Javier Gil

Authors
  1. Cristina Caparrós
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  2. Mónica Ortiz-Hernandez
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  3. Meritxell Molmeneu
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  4. Miguel Punset
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  5. José Antonio Calero
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  7. Mariano Fernández-Fairén
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  8. Román Perez
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  9. Francisco Javier Gil
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Correspondence to Francisco Javier Gil.

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Caparrós, C., Ortiz-Hernandez, M., Molmeneu, M. et al. Bioactive macroporous titanium implants highly interconnected. J Mater Sci: Mater Med 27, 151 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10856-016-5764-8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10856-016-5764-8

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