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Insights into the structural variation and photocatalytic performance of g-C3N4 via doping N, O and S atoms

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Abstract

Non-metal (N, O and S) doped g-C3N4 was successfully prepared via thermal polymerization of melamine and dopants and applied for photocatalytic degradation of tetracycline (TC). The structure and photocatalytic properties of N, O, S-doped g-C3N4 were comparatively investigated. The impacts of catalyst dosage, pollutant concentration, and co-existing anions and cations on the photocatalytic performance were also investigated in detail. The results showed that N was incorporated into the g-C3N4 matrix by forming graphitic nitrogen; O was incorporated into the skeleton by substituting the signals of the N atoms in N–C = N to form N–C–O bonds; and S formed C–S bonds by replacing the N atoms of the g-C3N4 matrix. Various techniques such as XPS, UV–Vis DRS, Mott-Schottky curves, transient photocurrent responses, EIS and PL have confirmed that O-doped g-C3N4 displayed the best photocatalytic performance of TC (87.6%) under visible light irradiation, attributed to the suitable valance band (VB) and conduction band (CB) positions improving the redox capacity and photogenerated carrier separation rate. This study provides a new idea to insight into the structural variation and photocatalytic properties of g-C3N4 via doping different non-metallic.

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Funding

This work was supported by the Innovative Research Project for Graduate Students (No.2023Y022), Undergraduate Research Project (No.2023060), and Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program Project for College Students of Hubei Normal University in 2023.

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  1. Hubei Key Laboratory of Pollutant Analysis & Reuse Technology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei Normal University, Huangshi, 435002, People’s Republic of China

    Hongkun Luo, Simin Zheng, Danying Wang, Xiongjian Li & Shuijin Yang

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  1. Hongkun Luo
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All authors contributed to the study conception and design. Material preparation, data collection and analysis were performed by HL, SZ, DW, and SY. The first draft of the manuscript was written by HL, XL and all authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Xiongjian Li.

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Luo, H., Zheng, S., Wang, D. et al. Insights into the structural variation and photocatalytic performance of g-C3N4 via doping N, O and S atoms. J Mater Sci: Mater Electron 35, 900 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-024-12667-5

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