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Copper oxide-based anodes for highly sensitive electrochemical detection of amlodipine

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A Correction to this article was published on 20 April 2024

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Abstract

Sensitive and reliable detection of the amlodipine (AML) drug in biological and environmental samples poses a significant challenge, necessitating the development of innovative electrode platforms. Herein, efficient anodes (CuO@ITO) were constructed for the direct electrochemical detection of AML in phosphate buffer saline (PBS) by growing CuO nanostructures onto the ITO electrode. Controlled nucleation of Cu ions facilitated consistent structural growth over the ITO surface, resulting in close interfacial contact between the nanostructures and the current collector. The fabricated CuO@ITO anode exhibited remarkable electrochemical oxidation response toward AML, enabling sensitive detection within a dynamic concentration range of 0.1–1.6 µm using differential pulse voltammetry, with a detection limit of 0.014 µm. Additionally, the sensor demonstrated robust anti-interference capabilities against various biomolecules and pharmaceutical drugs, ensuring accurate and reliable AML detection even in complex biological samples. Satisfactory recoveries of spiked AML drug from human urine samples affirmed the sensor’s suitability for real-world applications. The overall findings of this work emphasize the significance of the developed sensor in enabling the sensitive and selective detection of AML, making it a valuable tool for clinical and environmental monitoring.

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The data supporting this study’s findings are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.

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Acknowledgements

We extend our sincere appreciation to the Researchers Supporting Project number (RSP2024R266) at King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, for funding this work.

Funding

We extend our sincere appreciation to the Researchers Supporting Project number (RSP2024R266) at King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, for funding this work.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, College of Chemistry, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, People’s Republic of China

    Naeem Ullah khan & Jun Lu

  2. Institute of Chemistry, Shah Abdul Latif University, Khairpur Mirs, Sindh, Pakistan

    Hira Iaza Sahito & Nazar Hussain Kalwar

  3. Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100029, People’s Republic of China

    Muhammad Yousuf

  4. State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Process and Technology for Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China

    Razium Ali Soomro

  5. Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

    Ayman Nafady

  6. Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, 34320, Istanbul, Turkey

    Selcan Karakuş

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  1. Naeem Ullah khan
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Contributions

Material preparation, data collection and analysis were performed by NUk and HIS. The first draft of the manuscript was written and revised by NHK, MY, and RAS. JL and SK supervised and commented on previous versions of the manuscript. AN facilitated in generation of electrochemical measurements, revised the final version, and facilitated in funding acquisition for this project. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Nazar Hussain Kalwar or Selcan Karakuş.

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khan, N.U., Sahito, H.I., Kalwar, N.H. et al. Copper oxide-based anodes for highly sensitive electrochemical detection of amlodipine. J Mater Sci: Mater Electron 35, 712 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-024-12450-6

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