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An effective strategy to achieve high-power electrode by tin doping: Snx-TiNb2O7 as a promising anode material with a large capacity and high-rate performance for lithium-ion batteries

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Abstract

In this work, the Sn-doped titanium niobate Snx-TiNb2O7 (Snx-TNO, x = 0.005, 0.01, 0.02, 004, 0.06, 0.08) samples have been fabricated through a solid-state reaction method with the aim of investigating the effect of Sn4+ doping on the electrochemical performance enhancement of TiNb2O7 (TNO). Elemental mapping image indicates that Sn is successfully doped and evenly distributed in the TNO sample. XRD patterns show that the doping of Sn4+ can slightly increase the lattice spacing of TNO materials, which can increase the diffusion coefficient of Li+ ions due to the ion-size effect. The specific capacity, capacity retention, long cycle performance, and rate performance of Snx-TNO materials are all superior to those of TNO, and Sn0.01-TNO has the best performance. Compared with TNO, Sn0.01-TNO exhibited a smaller polarization potential, indicating that the doping of tin elements resulted in a more efficient kinetic reaction process and a higher redox reversibility. The EIS results further verify that the Sn0.01-TNO material has a lower charge transfer impedance and a higher ion diffusion coefficient compared to the TNO material, resulting in better electrochemical performance of the Sn0.01-TNO material. The strategy of appropriate metal doping can improve the intrinsic electronic/ionic conductivity and structural stability of the material, providing new insights for the development of advanced high-power electrode materials.

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The datasets generated during and/or analyzed the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by Changzhou Science and Technology Bureau (CM20223017), the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province (Grants No. BK20201472), and National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.51972151, 52171212).

Funding

Changzhou Science and Technology Bureau,CM20223017, Keyan Bao, Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province for Distinguished Young Scholars, BK20201472, Wutao Mao, Innovative Research Group Project of the National Natural Science Foundation of China, 51972151, Wutao Mao, 52171212, Zhongcheng Song.

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  1. Resource Environment & Clean Energy Laboratory, School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Jiangsu University of Technology, Changzhou, 213001, China

    Haowei Bian, Jiajie Gu, Zhongcheng Song, Huaxu Gong, Zixiang Zhang, Wutao Mao & Keyan Bao

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  1. Haowei Bian
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All authors contributed to the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript. HB: Data analysis and Writing; JG: data analysis; ZS: Data Curation; HG: Resources; ZZ: Visualization; WM: Conceptualization; KB: Methodology.

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Correspondence to Wutao Mao or Keyan Bao.

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Bian, H., Gu, J., Song, Z. et al. An effective strategy to achieve high-power electrode by tin doping: Snx-TiNb2O7 as a promising anode material with a large capacity and high-rate performance for lithium-ion batteries. J Mater Sci: Mater Electron 34, 1826 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-023-11183-2

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