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Boosting energy density for Zn-ion hybrid capacitors by engineering chitin-derived carbon in molten salt

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Abstract

Zn-ion hybrid capacitors (ZIHCs) have been deemed a promising candidate for energy storage equipment to overcome the primary drawback of supercapacitors—low energy density. Herein, inspired by the laminated structure of chitin fibrils, molten salt strategy is proposed to engineer functional carbon as cathode material for ZIHCs, for the first time. Orthogonal design was adopted to ascertain the optimum synthetic conditions for the chitin-derived NaCl-templated and NaNO3-activated carbons (CNNs). The resultant C2NN1-800-1-5 possesses high surface area of 1256 m2 g−1 and rich surface heteroatom content of 11.3 at%, as well as numerous thin intertwined nanofibre bundles. Associated with the synergy of surface capacitive reaction and diffusion battery behavior, the Zn//ZnSO4 (aq, 2 M)//C2NN1-800-1-5 ZIHC can be conducted in a relatively broad potential window ranging from 0 to 1.8 V and manifests remarkable energy density of 133.4 Wh kg−1 at 180 W kg−1. Moreover, charge/discharge cycling further revealed that this device can retain 100% of its initial capacity, together with almost 100% coulombic efficiency after 10,000 cycles at 6 A g−1. The study emphasizes the green synthesis of heteroatom-doped hierarchical porous carbon cathode material, notably facilitating the rapidly increasing popularity of Zn-ion hybrid energy storage devices.

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The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.

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Funding

This work is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Project No. 21406044) and the Zhejiang Province Public Welfare Technology Application Research Project (Grant No. LGF19B060007).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Materials and Environmental Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou, 310018, People’s Republic of China

    Haichao Yu, Xuan Chen, Jie Zhou & Hui Wang

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  1. Haichao Yu
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  2. Xuan Chen
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  3. Jie Zhou
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  4. Hui Wang
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Contributions

HY: Investigation, discussion, writing—draft preparation. XC: Experiment, data analyzing. JZ: Conceptualization, supervision, writing—reviewing and editing. HW: Sample characterization.

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Correspondence to Jie Zhou.

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Yu, H., Chen, X., Zhou, J. et al. Boosting energy density for Zn-ion hybrid capacitors by engineering chitin-derived carbon in molten salt. J Mater Sci: Mater Electron 34, 675 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-023-09959-7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-023-09959-7

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