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Photo-sensing properties of Cd-doped In2S3 thin films fabricated via low-cost nebulizer spray pyrolysis technique

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Abstract

In this study, we report the fabrication of cadmium-doped indium sulfide thin films (In2S3:Cd) using a low-cost nebulizer-aided spray pyrolysis process at 350 °C on glass substrates for photo-sensing applications. The impact of 0, 2, 4, and 8 wt% cadmium concentrations on the structure, morphology, optical properties, and photo-sensing capabilities of In2S3 thin films were examined systematically. From X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, the major peak is located in the (103) plane for all Cd-doped In2S3 thin film samples, and the maximum crystallite size for the 4 wt% sample is 59 nm. The field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) image revealed a homogenous large-grained surface of Cd-doped In2S3 film that completely covered the substrate. UV–Vis absorption analysis demonstrated good absorption for all thin film samples in the visible and ultraviolet regions of the electromagnetic spectrum, particularly, the 4% Cd-doped concentration showed excellent absorption as is observed from Tauc relation. The highest PL intensity at 680 nm was observed for the sample coated with 4 wt% of Cd. Under UV light, the I–V behavior depicts a light current of 1.06 × 10–6 A for a 5 V bias voltage. The In2S3: Cd (4%) sample had the highest responsivity of 2.12 × 10−1A/W and a detectivity of 1.84 × 1011 Jones, with a high EQE of 50%. The study manifests that the developed Cd (4%)-doped In2S3 thin film sample might be better suited for the application of photodetectors.

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Acknowledgements

The authors extend their sincere appreciation to the Researchers Supporting Project number (RSP-2021/370), King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia for the financial support.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Physics, Kongunadu Arts and Science College, Coimbatore, India

    S. Rajeswari & M. Mohamed Ibrahim

  2. Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia

    Abdullah M. Al-Enizi, Mohd Ubaidullah, Prabhakarn Arunachalam & Shoyebmohamad F. Shaikh

  3. Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Chemical Engineering, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, Avenida de la Universidad 30, 28911, Leganés, Madrid, Spain

    Bidhan Pandit

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Contributions

S: Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Writing—original draft, Investigation, Methodology, Resources, Software, Validation, Visualization, and Writing—review and editing. MMI: Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Writing—original draft, Investigation, Methodology, Resources, Software, Validation, Visualization, and Writing—review and editing. AMA: Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Project administration, Resources, Funding acquisition, Software, Supervision, Validation, Visualization, and Writing—review and editing. MU: Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Writing—original draft, Investigation, Methodology, Resources, Software, Supervision, Validation, Visualization, and Writing—review and editing. PA: Conceptualization, Methodology, Resources, Software, Supervision, Validation, Visualization, and Writing—review and editing. BP: Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Resources, Software, Supervision, Validation, Visualization, and Writing—review and editing. SFS: Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Resources, Software, Supervision, Validation, Visualization, and Writing—review and editing.

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Rajeswari, S., Ibrahim, M.M., Al-Enizi, A.M. et al. Photo-sensing properties of Cd-doped In2S3 thin films fabricated via low-cost nebulizer spray pyrolysis technique. J Mater Sci: Mater Electron 33, 19284–19296 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-022-08766-w

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