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Biomass-based metal-free catalyst as a promising supercapacitor electrode for energy storage

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Abstract

In present study, biomass doped H3PO4-Cat, named as STW-H3PO4-Cat, was used as a catalyst in the methanolysis of sodium borohydride (NaBH4). Spent tea waste (STW) was used for the first time in this study as biomass. The generated existing catalyst was also employed as an active supercapacitor material, demonstrating its dual function. To identify the most active catalyst in the methanolysis of sodium borohydride, the catalyst was functionalized in different H3PO4 concentrations (1–7 M), and different annealing temperatures (200–500 °C) and different annealing times (20–80 min). Optimum parameters were determined as 7 M H3PO4, 400 °C, and 40 min. The maximum hydrogen production (HPR) value and the activation energy (Ea) were determined as 76,640 mL min−1 g cat−1 and 12.03 kJ mol−1. When the catalyst was investigated in terms of the supercapacitor, the electrode's capacitance at 1 A/g current intensity was found to be 158 F/g utilizing the charge–discharge curve. The catalyst with optimum conditions was structurally and morphologically characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR), x-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscope (SEM) measurements, respectively.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Science and Technology Application and Research Center (SİÜBTAM), Siirt University, Siirt, Turkey

    Duygu Elma Karakaş

  2. Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Siirt University, Siirt, Turkey

    Murat Akdemir

  3. Department of Physical, Mathematical and Technical Sciences, Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences, Baku, Azerbaijan

    Gunel T. Imanova

  4. Department of Chemical Engineering, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Eskişehir, Turkey

    Hilal Demir Kivrak

  5. Department of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering, Sivas University of Science and Technology, Sivas, Turkey

    Sabit Horoz

  6. Department of Chemical Engineering, Siirt University, Siirt, Turkey

    Mustafa Kaya

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  1. Duygu Elma Karakaş
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  2. Murat Akdemir
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  3. Gunel T. Imanova
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  4. Hilal Demir Kivrak
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  5. Sabit Horoz
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  6. Mustafa Kaya
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Contributions

DEK: Experiment, supervision and review. MA: conceptualization, investigation, and visualization. GTI: conceptualization, investigation, visualization, writing—review and editing. HDK: supervision and review. SH: review and editing. MK: conceptualization, investigation, visualization, writing—review and editing.

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Correspondence to Sabit Horoz or Mustafa Kaya.

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Karakaş, D.E., Akdemir, M., Imanova, G.T. et al. Biomass-based metal-free catalyst as a promising supercapacitor electrode for energy storage. J Mater Sci: Mater Electron 33, 18111–18123 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-022-08669-w

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