Abstract
Lead-free piezoceramics are international research frontier in the fields of functional materials. In this work, high-quality Ba0.85Ca0.15Ti0.9Zr0.1O3 (BCTZ) ceramics were prepared by using ultrafine powder synthesized by the molten salt method. The results show that the enhanced piezoelectric properties are obtained at intermediate grain size of 14.7 μm. Furthermore, by the optimization of the DC poling parameters, excellent d33 ~ 600 pC/N and kp ~ 0.50 values of BCTZ lead-free ceramic can be obtained, while d33 ~ 420 pC/N and kp ~ 0.35 were obtained under the optimal AC poling parameters. The property difference is mainly due to that AC poling does not give enough time for the internal stress to relax, allowing the switched ferroelastic domains to accommodate each other, so it is difficult to achieve saturated poling. Though, AC poling method still provides a new insight for the optimization of the performance of piezoelectric ceramics.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
P.A.F.R.C. Turner, R.E. Newnham, T.R. Shrout, Appl. Acoust. 41, 299 (1994)
J.-F. Li, K. Wang, F.-Y. Zhu, L.-Q. Cheng, F.-Z. Yao, J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 96, 3677 (2013)
J. Rödel, K.G. Webber, R. Dittmer, W. Jo, M. Kimura, D. Damjanovic, J. Eur. Ceram. Soc. 35, 1659 (2015)
M.C. Ehmke, J. Glaum, M. Hoffman, J.E. Blendell, K.J. Bowman, J. Roedel, J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 96, 3805 (2013)
J.P. Praveen, T. Karthik, A.R. James, E. Chandrakala, S. Asthana, D. Das, J. Eur. Ceram. Soc. 35, 1785 (2015)
Q. Li, M.-H. Zhang, Z.-X. Zhu, K. Wang, J.-S. Zhou, F.-Z. Yao, J.-F. Li, J. Mater. Chem. C. 5, 549 (2017)
J. Fu, R. Zuo, Y. Liu, J. Alloy. Compd. 493, 197 (2010)
K.W.F.-Z. Yao, W. Jo, J.-S. Lee, J.-F. Li, J. Appl. Phys. 116, 114102 (2014)
J. Xu, Z. Zhang, L. Yang, S. Liu, J. Xiao, R. Zhu, X. Li, X.a. Wang, H. Luo, Appl. Phys. Lett. 116, 202 (2020)
J. Liu, C. Qiu, L. Qiao, K. Song, H. Guo, Z. Xu, F. Li, J. Appl. Phys. 128, 094104 (2020)
Z. Zhang, J. Xu, L. Yang, S. Liu, J. Xiao, R. Zhu, X. Li, X.a. Wang, H. Luo, J. Appl. Phys. 125, 034104 (2019)
C. Qiu, B. Wang, N. Zhang, S. Zhang, J. Liu, D. Walker, Y. Wang, H. Tian, T.R. Shrout, Z. Xu, L.Q. Chen, F. Li, Nature 577, 350 (2020)
H. Tao, J. Wu, J. Mater. Chem. C. 5, 1601 (2017)
W. Liu, X. Ren, Phys. Rev. Lett. 103, 257602 (2009)
G.H. Haertling, J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 82, 797 (1999)
F. Levassort, P. Tran-Huu-Hue, E. Ringaard, M. Lethiecq, J. Eur. Ceram. Soc. 21, 1361 (2001)
X. Yan, M. Zheng, M. Zhu, Y. Hou, Crystals 10, 907 (2020)
X. Yan, M. Zheng, X. Gao, M. Zhu, Y. Hou, J. Mater. Chem. C. 8, 13530 (2020)
M. Acosta, N. Novak, V. Rojas, S. Patel, R. Vaish, J. Koruza, G.A. Rossetti, J. Rodel, Appl. Phys. Rev. 4, 53 (2017)
Y. Zhang, H. Sun, W. Chen, J. Phys. Chem. Solids 114, 207 (2018)
V.R. Mastelaro, H.R. Favarim, A. Mesquita, A. Michalowicz, J. Moscovici, J.A. Eiras, Acta. Mater. 84, 164 (2015)
C. Zhao, H. Wang, J. Xiong, J. Wu, Dalton. T. 45, 6466 (2016)
C. Zhao, Y. Feng, H. Wu, J. Wu, J. Alloy. Compd. 666, 372 (2016)
X. Yan, M. Zheng, Y. Hou, M. Zhu, J. Eur. Ceram. Soc. 37, 2583 (2017)
D.S. Keeble, F. Benabdallah, P.A. Thomas, M. Maglione, J. Kreisel, Appl. Phys. Lett. 102, 092903 (2013)
X. Yan, M. Zheng, Y. He, M. Zhu, Y. Hou, J. Eur. Ceram. Soc. 40, 3936 (2020)
D. Ghosh, A. Sakata, J. Carter, P.A. Thomas, H. Han, J.C. Nino, J.L. Jones, Adv. Funct. Mater. 24, 885 (2014)
L. Jin, F. Li, S. Zhang, D.J. Green, J. Am. Ceram.Soc. 97, 1 (2014)
S.M. Yang, J.Y. Jo, T.H. Kim, J.G. Yoon, T.K. Song, H.N. Lee, Z. Marton, S. Park, Y. Jo, T.W. Noh, Phys. Rev. B 82, 174 (2010)
Y. Wan, Z. Li, Z. Xu, S. Fan, X. Yao, J. Alloy. Compd. 558, 244 (2013)
Acknowledgements
This work was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 51677001, 51602012), Beijing Natural Science Foundation (Grant No. 2192009, 2202008), and Beijing Talents Project (Grant No. 2019A25).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Conflict of interest
There are no conflicts to declare.
Additional information
Publisher’s Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Supplementary Information
Below is the link to the electronic supplementary material.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Zhao, K., Zheng, M., Yan, X. et al. Effect of direct current and alternating current poling on the piezoelectric properties of Ba0.85Ca0.15Ti0.9Zr0.1O3 ceramics. J Mater Sci: Mater Electron 32, 27815–27822 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-021-07164-y
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-021-07164-y