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Utilization of positron annihilation and electrochemical impedance to study the microstructure variations and water diffusion of NO2-oxidative-damaged silicone rubber

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Abstract

Silicone rubber is widely used in power grids, electronics and aerospace, because of its hydrophobicity, high flexibility, etc. However, it is susceptible to some environmental chemical factors, such as NO2 and ozone, which can induce chain scission, the generation of defects and the ingress of water. In this work, we systematically studied the microstructure variations and water diffusion behavior of high-temperature vulcanized (HTV) silicone rubber after NO2-induced oxidative damage. Microstructure evolution in silicone rubber was investigated by positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy (PALS). The results show that the oxidation of NO2 significantly degrades organic matrices, which induces the decrease of crosslinking degree and the formation of defects compared to virgin samples. The water transportation was evaluated by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), which showed that the diffusion coefficient, under the NO2 concentration of 28.75 mg L−1, is 106 times that of virgin sample with a water uptake of 31%. Particularly, when the concentration reaches the critical value around 17.25 mg L−1, the diffusion coefficient and water uptake increase sharply, and the calculated average porosity of samples also dramatically increases by 4 orders of magnitude. These indicate the formation of more nano- and micron holes, serving as a pointer for percolation of defects in silicone rubber bulk. The study of microstructure variations and water transportation can help us to understand the aging mechanism, design reasonable composite polymer materials and prevent the damage of chemical contact.

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Acknowledgements

This work was financially supported by the National Key Research &Development Program of China (No. 2019YFA0210003), the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2020M682609), the Science and Technology Project of China Southern Power Grid Co., Ltd. (GDKJXM20200403) and open fund of the Guangdong Key Laboratory of Electric Power Equipment Reliability in 2020 (GDDKY2020KF01).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Physics and Hubei Nuclear-Solid Physics Key Laboratory, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China

    Jinshuai Zhang, Zheng Wang, Yi Luo, Libing Qian, Chunqing He, Ning Qi & Pengfei Fang

  2. Guangdong Key Laboratory of Electric Power Equipment Reliability, Electric Power Research Institute of Guangdong Power Grid Co., Ltd, Guangzhou, 510080, China

    Zheng Wang, Zhen Huang & Xiangyang Peng

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  1. Jinshuai Zhang
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  2. Zheng Wang
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Zhang, J., Wang, Z., Luo, Y. et al. Utilization of positron annihilation and electrochemical impedance to study the microstructure variations and water diffusion of NO2-oxidative-damaged silicone rubber. J Mater Sci: Mater Electron 32, 894–907 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-020-04867-6

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