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Effect of oxygen partial pressure on nonlinear optical and electrical properties of BNT–KNNG composite thin films

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Abstract

Composite thin films of 1–x [Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3] – x [K0.5Na0.5NbO3 + 1 wt% Gd2O3] (BNT–KNNG); (x = 0.01) have been deposited at various O2 pressures from 0.1 to 10 Pa by pulsed laser deposition, and their crystal structure, surface morphology, optical, dielectric, and ferroelectric properties were investigated. X-ray diffraction analysis of thin films deposited at 0.1 Pa revealed a single phase of BNT–KNNG and further (> 0.1 Pa), film crystallinity gradually increased with a rise in O2 pressure. The improvement in the refractive index and a reduction in optical bandgap are observed with O2 pressure and are estimated to be 2.28–2.42 and 4.08–3.65 eV, respectively. The third-order nonlinear optical coefficients estimated using the Z-scan technique are found to be enhanced with O2 pressure. The film deposited at 10 Pa exhibited a higher nonlinear refractive index (n2 = 6.188 × 10− 6 cm2/W) and a strong absorption coefficient (β = 1.043 cm/W). The temperature-dependent dielectric response displayed two structural phase transitions from rhombohedral to tetragonal phase at 165 oC and tetragonal to cubic phase at 298 oC. The enhanced dielectric (εr = 411, tanδ = 0.156 @ 1 kHz), Microwave dielectric (εr = 317 and tanδ = 0.0074 @ 10 GHz), and ferroelectric (Pr = 25.31 µC/cm2, EC = 42.62 kV/cm @ 1 kHz) properties with low leakage current are observed for the film deposited at 10 Pa which followed a space charge limited conduction behavior. The obtained microwave and nonlinear optical properties of BNT–KNNG composite films are suitable for tunable microwave and optical photonic device applications.

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Acknowledgments

The work was financially supported by DAE BRNS [37(1)/14/33/2015/BRNS], India. The authors are grateful to Central Instruments Facility (CIF) and Centre for Nanotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, India for providing experimental facilities.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, 781039, India

    Srinivas Pattipaka, Gyan Prakash Bharti, Alika Khare & D. Pamu

  2. School of Physics, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500046, India

    J. Pundareekam Goud & K. C. James Raju

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  1. Srinivas Pattipaka
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  2. J. Pundareekam Goud
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  3. Gyan Prakash Bharti
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  6. D. Pamu
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Correspondence to D. Pamu.

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Pattipaka, S., Pundareekam Goud, J., Bharti, G.P. et al. Effect of oxygen partial pressure on nonlinear optical and electrical properties of BNT–KNNG composite thin films. J Mater Sci: Mater Electron 31, 2986–2996 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-019-02842-4

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