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Microstructures and electrical properties of ZnO–V2O5–MnO2 varistors with low-temperature sintering

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Abstract

The microstructures and electrical properties of 95 at.%ZnO + xV2O5 + (5−x)MnO2 varistors (x = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 at.%) sintering at 900 °C were investigated. The microstructure of all the samples consisted of ZnO grain with β-Zn3(VO4)2 and γ-Zn3(VO4)2 as minority secondary phases. The average grain size decreased from 10.4 to 4.5 μm with the decrease of V2O5 mol fraction and it is attributed that ZnO grains could probably grow rapidly in the presence of a rich liquid phases related to V2O5 concentrations. The breakdown voltage increases from 6444 to 1446 V/cm with increase of V2O5 mol fraction due to the decrease of the average grain size. The samples containing 2 at.% V2O5 and 3 at.% MnO2 varistors exhibited the best nonlinear properties, with present nonlinear coefficient (20.8).

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Acknowledgments

This work was financially supported by Changzhou Science, Technology Innovation Project, Production-teaching-research project of Changzhou university institute of Huaide, Nature Science Foundation of China (CC20150033, CDHK060007, No. 51,273,027) and 2016 Research and Innovation Project for College Graduates of Jiangsu Province.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou, 213164, People’s Republic of China

    Xiao Qu, Wei-Jie Sun, Mao-Hua Wang & Han-Ping Zhang

  2. Huaide college, Changzhou University, Changzhou, 213164, People’s Republic of China

    Mao-Hua Wang & Yong Chen

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  1. Xiao Qu
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  2. Wei-Jie Sun
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  3. Mao-Hua Wang
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  4. Yong Chen
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Correspondence to Mao-Hua Wang.

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Qu, X., Sun, WJ., Wang, MH. et al. Microstructures and electrical properties of ZnO–V2O5–MnO2 varistors with low-temperature sintering. J Mater Sci: Mater Electron 28, 1909–1913 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-016-5743-3

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